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Appendix 1
Notes Definitions and Abbreviations
title
!s!sCentral Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Preface
US Government officials should obtain copies of The World Factbook directly from
their own organizations or through liaison channels from the Central
Intelligence Agency. This publication is also available in microfiche, magnetic
tape, or computer diskettes.
This publication may be purchased by telephone (VISA or MasterCard) or mail
from:
Superintendent of Documents
P.O. Box 371954
Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954
Telephone: [1] (202) 512-1800
A subscription to this publication may be purchased from:
Document Expediting (DOCEX) Project
Exchange and Gift Division
Library of Congress
Washington, DC 20540
Telephone: [1] (202) 707-9527
This publication may be purchased in printed form, photocopy, microfiche,
magnetic tape, or computer diskettes.
National Technical Information Service
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
Telephone: [1] (703) 487-4650
This publication may be purchased in photocopy or microform from:
Photoduplication Service Library of Congress
Washington, DC 20540-5234
Telephone: [1] (202) 707-5640
This publication is available on Internet. Prior to June 1995 the address was
http://www.ic.gov but is now accessed at the following World-Wide Web home page
URL: http://www.odci.gov
Central Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
The printed version of the Factbook is published annually in July by the Central
Intelligence Agency for the use of US Government officials, and the style,
format, coverage, and content are designed to meet their specific requirements.
Information was provided by the American Geophysical Union, Bureau of the
Census, Central Intelligence Agency, Defense Intelligence Agency, Defense
Mapping Agency, Defense Nuclear Agency, Department of State, Foreign Broadcast
Information Service, Maritime Administration, National Science Foundation (Polar
Information Program), Naval Maritime Intelligence Center, Office of Territorial
and International Affairs, US Board on Geographic Names, US Coast Guard, and
others.
Comments and queries are welcome and may be addressed to:
Central Intelligence Agency
Attn.: Office of Public and Agency Information
Washington, DC 20505
Telephone: [1] (703) 351-2053
Notes, Definitions, and Abbreviations
Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
American Samoa
Andorra
Angola
Anguilla
Antarctica
Antigua and Barbuda
Arctic Ocean
Argentina
Armenia
Aruba
Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Atlantic Ocean
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahamas, The
Bahrain
Baker Island
Bangladesh
Barbados
Bassas da India
Belarus
Belgium
Belize
Benin
Bermuda
Bhutan
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Bouvet Island
Brazil
British Indian Ocean Territory
British Virgin Islands
Brunei
Bulgaria
Burkina
Burma
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Cape Verde
Cayman Islands
Central African Republic
Chile
China (also see separate Taiwan entry)
Christmas Island
Clipperton Island
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Colombia
Comoros
Congo
Cook Islands
Coral Sea Islands
Costa Rica
Cote d'Ivoire
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Djibouti
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Estonia
Ethiopia
Europa Island
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Faroe Islands
Finland
France
French Guiana
French Polynesia
French Southern and Antarctic Lands
Gabon
Gambia, The
Gaza Strip
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Gibraltar
Glorioso Islands
Greece
Greenland
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guernsey
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Heard Island and McDonald Islands
Holy See (Vatican City)
Honduras
Hong Kong
Howland Island
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indian Ocean
Indonesia
Ireland
Israel (also see separate Gaza Strip and West Bank entries)
Italy
Jamaica
Jan Mayen
Japan
Jarvis Island
Jersey
Johnston Atoll
Jordan (also see separate West Bank entry)
Juan de Nova Island
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kingman Reef
Kiribati
Korea, North
Korea, South
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Latvia
Lebanon
Lesotho
Liberia
Libya
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macau
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Maldives
Malta
Man, Isle of
Marshall Islands
Martinique
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mexico
Micronesia, Federated States of
Midway Islands
Moldova
Monaco
Mongolia
Montserrat
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nauru
Navassa Island
Nepal
Netherlands
Netherlands Antilles
New Caledonia
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
Norfolk Island
Northern Mariana Islands
Norway
Pacific Ocean
Pakistan
Palau
Palmyra Atoll
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paracel Islands
Paraguay
Philippines
Pitcairn Islands
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Reunion
Romania
Russia
Rwanda
Saint Helena
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
San Marino
Sao Tome and Principe
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia and Montenegro
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Solomon Islands
Somalia
South Africa
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Spain
Spratly Islands
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Suriname
Svalbard
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan entry follows Zimbabwe
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Tokelau
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tromelin Island
Tunisia
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Turks and Caicos Islands
Tuvalu
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Vanuatu
Venezuela
Vietnam
Virgin Islands
Wake Island
Wallis and Futuna
West Bank
Western Sahara
Western Samoa
World
Yemen
Zaire
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Taiwan
Appendixes
A: The United Nations System
B: Abbreviations for International Organizations and Groups
C: International Organizations and Groups
D: Abbreviations for Selected International Environmental Agreements
E: Selected International Environmental Agreements
F: Weights and Measures
G: Estimates of Gross Domestic Product on an Exchange Rate Basis
H: Cross-Reference List of Geographic Names
Reference Maps
The World
North America
Central America and the Caribbean
South America
Europe
Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe
Middle East
Africa
Republic of South Africa
Commonwealth of Independent States - European States
Commonwealth of Independent States - Central Asian States
Southeast Asia
Oceania
Arctic Region
Antarctic Region
Standard Time Zones of the World
Notes, Definitions, and Abbreviations
There have been some significant changes in this edition. The Trust Territory of
the Pacific Islands became the independent nation of Palau. The gross domestic
product (GDP) of all countries is now presented on a purchasing power parity
(PPP) basis rather than on the old exchange rate basis. There is a new entry on
Age structure and the Airports entry now includes unpaved runways. The
Communications category has been restructured and now includes the entries of
Telephone system, Radio, and Television. The remainder of the entries in the
former Communications category - Railroads, Highways, Inland waterways,
Pipelines, Ports, Merchant marine, and Airports - can now be found under a new
category called Transportation. There is a new appendix listing estimates of
gross domestic product on an exchange rate basis for all nations. A reference
map of the Republic of South Africa is included. The electronic files used to
produce the Factbook have been restructured into a database. As a result, the
formats of some entries in this edition have been changed. Additional changes
will occur in the 1996 Factbook.
Abbreviations: (see Appendix B for abbreviations for international organizations
and groups and Appendix D for abbreviations for selected international
environmental agreements)
avdp. -- avoirdupois
c.i.f. -- cost, insurance, and freight
CY -- calendar year
DWT -- deadweight ton
est. -- estimate
Ex-Im -- Export-Import Bank of the United States
f.o.b. -- free on board
FRG -- Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany); used for information dated
before 3 October 1990 or CY91
FSU -- former Soviet Union
FY -- fiscal year (FY93/94, for example, began in calendar year 1993 and ended
in calendar year 1994)
FYROM -- The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
GDP -- gross domestic product
GDR -- German Democratic Republic (East Germany); used for information dated
before 3 October 1990 or CY91
GNP -- gross national product
GRT -- gross register ton
GWP -- gross world product
km -- kilometer
kW -- kilowatt
kWh -- kilowatt hour
m -- meter
NA -- not available
NEGL -- negligible
nm -- nautical mile
NZ -- New Zealand
ODA -- official development assistance
OOF -- other official flows
PDRY -- People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen];
used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91
sq km -- square kilometer
sq mi -- square mile
UAE -- United Arab Emirates
UK -- United Kingdom
US -- United States
USSR -- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union); used for information
dated before 25 December 1991
YAR -- Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen]; used for information
dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91
Administrative divisions: The numbers, designatory terms, and first-order
administrative divisions are generally those approved by the US Board on
Geographic Names (BGN). Changes that have been reported but not yet acted on by
BGN are noted.
Airports: Only airports with usable runways are included in this listing. For
airports with more than one runway, only the longest runway is included. Not all
airports have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control.
Paved runways have concrete or asphalt surfaces; unpaved runways have grass,
dirt, sand, or gravel surfaces.
Area: Total area is the sum of all land and water areas delimited by
international boundaries and/or coastlines. Land area is the aggregate of all
surfaces delimited by international boundaries and/or coastlines, excluding
inland water bodies (lakes, reservoirs, rivers). Comparative areas are based on
total area equivalents. Most entities are compared with the entire US or one of
the 50 states. The smaller entities are compared with Washington, DC (178 sq km,
69 sq mi) or The Mall in Washington, DC (0.59 sq km, 0.23 sq mi, 146 acres).
Birth rate: The average annual number of births during a year per 1,000
population at midyear; also known as crude birth rate.
Dates of information: In general, information available as of 1 January 1995 is
used in the preparation of this edition. Population figures are estimates for 1
July 1995, with population growth rates estimated for calendar year 1995. Major
political events have been updated through April 1995.
Death rate: The average annual number of deaths during a year per l,000
population at midyear; also known as crude death rate.
Digraphs: The digraph is a two-letter "country code" that precisely identifies
every entity without overlap, duplication, or omission. AF, for example, is the
digraph for Afghanistan. It is a standardized geopolitical data element
promulgated in the Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS)
10-3 by the National Bureau of Standards (now called National Institute of
Standards and Technology) at the US Department of Commerce and maintained by the
Office of the Geographer at the US Department of State. The digraph is used to
eliminate confusion and incompatibility in the collection, processing, and
dissemination of area-specific data and is particularly useful for interchanging
data between databases.
Diplomatic representation: The US Government has diplomatic relations with 184
nations, including 178 of the 185 UN members (excluded UN members are Bhutan,
Cuba, Iran, Iraq, North Korea, former Yugoslavia, and the US itself). In
addition, the US has diplomatic relations with 6 nations that are not in the UN
- Holy See, Kiribati, Nauru, Switzerland, Tonga, and Tuvalu.
Economic aid: This entry refers to bilateral commitments of official development
assistance (ODA) and other official flows (OOF). ODA is defined as financial
assistance which is concessional in character, has the main objective to promote
economic development and welfare of LDCs, and contains a grant element of at
least 25%. OOF transactions are also official government assistance, but with a
main objective other than development and with a grant element less than 25%.
OOF transactions include official export credits (such as Ex-Im Bank credits),
official equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization by the
official sector that does not meet concessional terms. Aid is considered to have
been committed when agreements are initialed by the parties involved and
constitute a formal declaration of intent.
Entities: Some of the nations, dependent areas, areas of special sovereignty,
and governments included in this publication are not independent, and others are
not officially recognized by the US Government. "Nation" refers to a people
politically organized into a sovereign state with a definite territory.
"Dependent area" refers to a broad category of political entities that are
associated in some way with a nation. Names used for page headings are usually
the short-form names as approved by the US Board on Geographic Names. There are
266 entities in The World Factbook that may be categorized as follows:
NATIONS
184 -- UN members (excluding the former Yugoslavia, which is still counted by
the UN)
7 -- nations that are not members of the UN - Holy See, Kiribati, Nauru, Serbia
and Montenegro, Switzerland, Tonga, Tuvalu
OTHER
1 -- Taiwan
DEPENDENT AREAS
6 -- Australia - Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling)
Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norfolk Island
2 -- Denmark - Faroe Islands, Greenland
16 -- France - Bassas da India, Clipperton Island, Europa Island, French Guiana,
French Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Glorioso Islands,
Guadeloupe, Juan de Nova Island, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia, Reunion,
Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Tromelin Island, Wallis and Futuna
2 -- Netherlands - Aruba, Netherlands Antilles
3 -- New Zealand - Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau
3 -- Norway - Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard
1 -- Portugal - Macau
16 -- United Kingdom - Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory,
British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey,
Hong Kong, Jersey, Isle of Man, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena,
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands
14 -- United States - American Samoa, Baker Island, Guam, Howland Island, Jarvis
Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Navassa Island, Northern
Mariana Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Wake Island
MISCELLANEOUS
6 -- Antarctica, Gaza Strip, Paracel Islands, Spratly Islands, West Bank,
Western Sahara
OTHER ENTITIES
4 -- oceans - Arctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean
1 -- World
266 -- total
Exchange rate: The official value of a nation's monetary unit at a given date or
over a given period of time, as expressed in units of local currency per US
dollar and as determined by international market forces or official fiat.
GDP methodology: In the "Economy" section, GDP dollar estimates for all
countries are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations rather
than from conversions at official currency exchange rates. The PPP method
normally involves the use of international dollar price weights, which are
applied to the quantities of goods and services produced in a given economy. In
addition to the lack of reliable data from the majority of countries, the
statistician faces a major difficulty in specifying, identifying, and allowing
for the quality of goods and services. The division of a GDP estimate in local
currency by the corresponding PPP estimate in dollars gives the PPP conversion
rate. On average, one thousand dollars will buy the same market basket of goods
in the US as one thousand dollars - converted to the local currency at the PPP
conversion rate - will buy in the other country. Whereas PPP estimates for OECD
countries are quite reliable, PPP estimates for developing countries are often
rough approximations. Most of the GDP estimates are based on extrapolation of
numbers published by the UN International Comparison Program and by Professors
Robert Summers and Alan Heston of the University of Pennsylvania and their
colleagues. Currency exchange rates depend on a variety of international and
domestic financial forces that often have little relation to domestic output. In
developing countries with weak currencies the exchange rate estimate of GDP in
dollars is typically one-fourth to one-half the PPP estimate. Furthermore,
exchange rates may suddenly go up or down by 10% or more because of market
forces or official fiat whereas real output has remained unchanged. On 12
January 1994, for example, the 14 countries of the African Financial Community
(whose currencies are tied to the French franc) devalued their currencies by
50%. This move, of course, did not cut the real output of these countries by
half. One important caution: the proportion of, say, defense expenditures as a
percentage of GDP in local currency accounts may differ substantially from the
proportion when GDP accounts are expressed in PPP terms, as, for example, when
an observer tries to estimate the dollar level of Russian or Japanese military
expenditures. Note: The numbers for GDP and other economic data can not be
chained together from successive volumes of the Factbook because of changes in
the US dollar measuring rod, revisions of data by statistical agencies, use of
new or different sources of information, and changes in national statistical
methods and practices.
Gross domestic product (GDP): The value of all final goods and services produced
within a nation in a given year.
Gross national product (GNP): The value of all final goods and services produced
within a nation in a given year, plus income earned abroad, minus income earned
by foreigners from domestic production.
Gross world product (GWP): The aggregate value of all goods and services
produced worldwide in a given year.
Growth rate (population): The annual percent change in the population, resulting
from a surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths and the balance of migrants
entering and leaving a country. The rate may be positive or negative.
Illicit drugs: There are five categories of illicit drugs - narcotics,
stimulants, depressants (sedatives), hallucinogens, and cannabis. These
categories include many drugs legally produced and prescribed by doctors as well
as those illegally produced and sold outside medical channels.
Cannabis (Cannabis sativa) is the common hemp plant, which provides
hallucinogens with some sedative properties, and includes marijuana (pot,
Acapulco gold, grass, reefer), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, Marinol), hashish
(hash), and hashish oil (hash oil).
Coca (Erythroxylum coca) is a bush, and the leaves contain the stimulant used to
make cocaine. Coca is not to be confused with cocoa, which comes from cacao
seeds and is used in making chocolate, cocoa, and cocoa butter.
Cocaine is a stimulant derived from the leaves of the coca bush.
Depressants (sedatives) are drugs that reduce tension and anxiety and include
chloral hydrate, barbiturates (Amytal, Nembutal, Seconal, phenobarbital),
benzodiazepines (Librium, Valium), methaqualone (Quaalude), glutethimide
(Doriden), and others (Equanil, Placidyl, Valmid).
Drugs are any chemical substances that effect a physical, mental, emotional, or
behavioral change in an individual.
Drug abuse is the use of any licit or illicit chemical substance that results in
physical, mental, emotional, or behavioral impairment in an individual.
Hallucinogens are drugs that affect sensation, thinking, self-awareness, and
emotion. Hallucinogens include LSD (acid, microdot), mescaline and peyote (mexc,
buttons, cactus), amphetamine variants (PMA, STP, DOB), phencyclidine (PCP,
angel dust, hog), phencyclidine analogues (PCE, PCPy, TCP), and others
(psilocybin, psilocyn).
Hashish is the resinous exudate of the cannabis or hemp plant (Cannabis sativa).
Heroin is a semisynthetic derivative of morphine.
Mandrax is the Southwest Asian slang term for methaqualone, a pharmaceutical
depressant.
Marijuana is the dried leaves of the cannabis or hemp plant (Cannabis sativa).
Methaqualone is a pharmaceutical depressant, in slang referred to as Quaaludes
in North America or Mandrax in Southwest Asia
Narcotics are drugs that relieve pain, often induce sleep, and refer to opium,
opium derivatives, and synthetic substitutes. Natural narcotics include opium
(paregoric, parepectolin), morphine (MS-Contin, Roxanol), codeine (Tylenol with
codeine, Empirin with codeine, Robitussan AC), and thebaine. Semisynthetic
narcotics include heroin (horse, smack), and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Synthetic
narcotics include meperidine or Pethidine (Demerol, Mepergan), methadone
(Dolophine, Methadose), and others (Darvon, Lomotil).
Opium is the milky exudate of the incised, unripe seedpod of the opium poppy.
Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) is the source for many natural and
semisynthetic narcotics.
Poppy straw concentrate is the alkaloid derived from the mature dried opium
poppy.
Qat (kat, khat) is a stimulant from the buds or leaves of catha edulis that is
chewed or drunk as tea.
Quaaludes is the North American slang term for methaqualone, a pharmaceutical
depressant.
Stimulants are drugs that relieve mild depression, increase energy and activity,
and include cocaine (coke, snow, crack), amphetamines (Desoxyn, Dexedrine),
phenmetrazine (Preludin), methylphenidate (Ritalin), and others (Cylert,
Sanorex, Tenuate).
Infant mortality rate: The number of deaths to infants under one year old in a
given year per l,000 live births occurring in the same year.
International disputes: This category includes a wide variety of situations that
range from traditional bilateral boundary disputes to unilateral claims of one
sort or another. Information regarding disputes over international boundaries
and maritime boundaries has been reviewed by the Department of State. References
to other situations involving borders or frontiers may also be included, such as
resource disputes, geopolitical questions, or irredentist issues. However,
inclusion does not necessarily constitute official acceptance or recognition by
the US Government.
Irrigated land: The figure refers to the land area that is artificially supplied
with water.
Land use: The land surface is categorized as arable land - land cultivated for
crops that are replanted after each harvest (wheat, maize, rice); permanent
crops - land cultivated for crops that are not replanted after each harvest
(citrus, coffee, rubber); meadows and pastures - land permanently used for
herbaceous forage crops; forest and woodland - under dense or open stands of
trees; and other - any land type not specifically mentioned above (urban areas,
roads, desert).
Leaders: The chief of state is the titular leader of the country who represents
the state at official and ceremonial functions but is not involved with the day-
to-day activities of the government. The head of government is the
administrative leader who manages the day-to-day activities of the government.
In the UK, the monarch is the chief of state, and the Prime Minister is the head
of government. In the US, the President is both the chief of state and the head
of government.
Life expectancy at birth: The average number of years to be lived by a group of
people all born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in
the future.
Literacy: There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless
otherwise noted, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability
to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual
countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of
this publication.
Maritime claims: The proximity of neighboring states may prevent some national
claims from being extended the full distance.
Merchant marine: All ships engaged in the carriage of goods. All commercial
vessels (as opposed to all nonmilitary ships), which excludes tugs, fishing
vessels, offshore oil rigs, etc. Also, a grouping of merchant ships by
nationality or register.
Captive register - A register of ships maintained by a territory, possession, or
colony primarily or exclusively for the use of ships owned in the parent
country; also referred to as an offshore register, the offshore equivalent of an
internal register. Ships on a captive register will fly the same flag as the
parent country, or a local variant of it, but will be subject to the maritime
laws and taxation rules of the offshore territory. Although the nature of a
captive register makes it especially desirable for ships owned in the parent
country, just as in the internal register, the ships may also be owned abroad.
The captive register then acts as a flag of convenience register, except that it
is not the register of an independent state.
Flag of convenience register - A national register offering registration to a
merchant ship not owned in the flag state. The major flags of convenience (FOC)
attract ships to their registers by virtue of low fees, low or nonexistent
taxation of profits, and liberal manning requirements. True FOC registers are
characterized by having relatively few of the ships registered actually owned in
the flag state. Thus, while virtually any flag can be used for ships under a
given set of circumstances, an FOC register is one where the majority of the
merchant fleet is owned abroad. It is also referred to as an open register.
Flag state - The nation in which a ship is registered and which holds legal
jurisdiction over operation of the ship, whether at home or abroad. Flag state
maritime legislation determines how a ship is manned and taxed and whether a
foreign-owned ship may be placed on the register.
Internal register - A register of ships maintained as a subset of a national
register. Ships on the internal register fly the national flag and have that
nationality but are subject to a separate set of maritime rules from those on
the main national register. These differences usually include lower taxation of
profits, manning by foreign nationals, and, usually, ownership outside the flag
state (when it functions as an FOC register). The Norwegian International Ship
Register and Danish International Ship Register are the most notable examples of
an internal register. Both have been instrumental in stemming flight from the
national flag to flags of convenience and in attracting foreign owned ships to
the Norwegian and Danish flags.
Merchant ship - A vessel that carries goods against payment of freight; commonly
used to denote any nonmilitary ship but accurately restricted to commercial
vessels only.
Register - The record of a ship's ownership and nationality as listed with the
maritime authorities of a country; also, the compendium of such individual
ships' registrations. Registration of a ship provides it with a nationality and
makes it subject to the laws of the country in which registered (the flag state)
regardless of the nationality of the ship's ultimate owner.
Money figures: All money figures are expressed in contemporaneous US dollars
unless otherwise indicated.
National product: The total output of goods and services in a country in a given
year. See GDP methodology, Gross domestic product (GDP), and Gross national
product (GNP).
Net migration rate: The balance between the number of persons entering and
leaving a country during the year per 1,000 persons (based on midyear
population). An excess of persons entering the country is referred to as net
immigration (3.56 migrants/1,000 population); an excess of persons leaving the
country as net emigration (-9.26 migrants/1,000 population).
Population: Figures are estimates from the Bureau of the Census based on
statistics from population censuses, vital statistics registration systems, or
sample surveys pertaining to the recent past, and on assumptions about future
trends. Starting with the 1993 Factbook, demographic estimates for some
countries (mostly African) have taken into account the effects of the growing
incidence of AIDS infections; in 1993 these countries were Burkina, Burundi,
Central African Republic, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania,
Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Thailand, Brazil, and Haiti.
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Appendix 2
The United Nations System
title
Central Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix A: The United Nations System
The UN is composed of five principal organs and numerous subordinate
agencies and bodies as follows:
1) Secretariat
2) General Assembly:
Habitat Commission on Human Settlements
UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNDP United Nations Development Program
UNEP United Nations Environment Program
UNFPA United Nations Population Fund
UNHCR United Nations Office of High Commissioner for Refugees
UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund
UNITAR UN Institute for Training and Research
UNRISD United Nations Research Institute for Social Development
UNRWA United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees
in the Near East
UN University
WFC World Food Council
3) Security Council:
Peacekeeping Forces and Organizations
MINURSO United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western
Sahara
ONUSAL United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador
UNAMIR United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda
UNAVEM II United Nations Angola Verification Mission
UNDOF United Nations Disengagement Observer Force
UNFICYP United Nations Force in Cyprus
UNIFIL United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
UNIKOM United Nations Iran-Kuwait Observation Mission
UNMIH United Nations Mission in Haiti
UNMOGIP United Nations Military Observer Group in India and
Pakistan
UNOMIG United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia
UNOMIL United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia
UNOMOZ United Nations Operation in Mozambique
UNOMUR United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda
UNOSOM II United Nations Operation in Somalia
UNPROFOR United Nations Protection Force
UNTSO United Nations Truce Supervision Organization
Commissions Established Pursuant to SC Res.687
UNSCOM UN Special Commission
United National Compensation Commission
UN Iraq/Kuwait Boundary Demarcation Commission
4) Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC):
Specialized agencies
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
IDA International Development Association
IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development
IFC International Finance Corporation
ILO International Labor Organization
IMF International Monetary Fund
IMO International Maritime Organization
ITU International Telecommunication Union
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
Organization
UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization
UPU Universal Postal Union
WHO World Health Organization
WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization
WMO World Meteorological Organization
Related organizations
GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (subsumed by the
World Trade Organization 1 January 1995)
IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency
Regional commissions
ECA Economic Commission for Africa
ECE Economic Commission for Europe
ECLAC Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
ESCAP Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
ESCWA Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia
Functional commissions
Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice
Commission on Human Rights
Commission on Narcotics Drugs
Commission on Science and Technology for Development
Commission for Social Development
Commission on the Status of Women
Commission on Sustainable Development
Population Commission
Statistical Commission
6) International Court of Justice (ICJ)
Note: The Trusteeship Council
s mandate was ended on 1 October 1994 when
the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (Palau) became the Republic of
Palau, a self-governing territory in free association with the US
Appendix 3
Abbreviations for International Organizations
title
3Central Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix B: Abbreviations for International Organizations and Groups
A ABEDA Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa
ACC Arab Cooperation Council
ACCT Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique; see Agency
for Cultural and Technical Cooperation
ACP African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries
AfDB African Development Bank
AFESD Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development
AG Andean Group
AL Arab League
ALADI Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion; see Latin
American Integration Association (LAIA)
AMF Arab Monetary Fund
AMU Arab Maghreb Union
ANZUS Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty
APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
AsDB Asian Development Bank
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
B BAD Banque Africaine de Developpement; see African Development
Bank (AfDB)
BADEA Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique; see
Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)
BCIE Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico; see Central
American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)
BDEAC Banque de Developpment des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see
Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)
Benelux Benelux Economic Union
BID Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo; see Inter-American
Development Bank (IADB)
BIS Bank for International Settlements
BOAD Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement; see West African
Development Bank (WADB)
BSEC Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone
C C Commonwealth
CACM Central American Common Market
CAEU Council of Arab Economic Unity
CARICOM Caribbean Community and Common Market
CBSS Council of the Baltic Sea States
CCC Customs Cooperation Council
CDB Caribbean Development Bank
CE Council of Europe
CEAO Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest; see West
African Economic Community (CEAO)
CEEAC Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see
Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)
CEI Central European Initiative
CEMA Council for Mutual Economic Assistance; also known as CMEA
or Comecon; abolished 1 January 1991
CEPGL Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs; see
Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries
(CEPGL)
CERN Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire; see European
Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
CG Contadora Group
CIS Commonwealth of Independent States
CMEA Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known
as Comecon; abolished 1 January 1991
COCOM Coordinating Committee on Export Controls
Comecon Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known
as CMEA; abolished 1 January 1991
CP Colombo Plan
CSCE Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe
D DC developed country
E EADB East African Development Bank
EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
EC European Community; see European Union (EU)
ECA Economic Commission for Africa
ECAFE Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East; see Economic
and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
ECE Economic Commission for Europe
ECLA Economic Commission for Latin America; see Economic
Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
ECLAC Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
ECO Economic Cooperation Organization
ECOSOC Economic and Social Council
ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States
ECSC European Coal and Steel Community
ECWA Economic Commission for Western Asia; see Economic and
Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
EEC European Economic Community
EFTA European Free Trade Association
EIB European Investment Bank
Entente Council of the Entente
ESA European Space Agency
ESCAP Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
ESCWA Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia
EU European Union
Euratom European Atomic Energy Community
F FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
FLS Front Line States
FZ Franc Zone
G G-2 Group of 2
G-3 Group of 3
G-5 Group of 5
G-6 Group of 6 (not to be confused with the Big Six)
G-7 Group of 7
G-8 Group of 8
G-9 Group of 9
G-10 Group of 10
G-11 Group of 11
G-15 Group of 15
G-19 Group of 19
G-24 Group of 24
G-30 Group of 30
G-33 Group of 33
G-77 Group of 77
GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
GCC Gulf Cooperation Council
H Habitat Commission on Human Settlements
I IADB Inter-American Development Bank
IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency
IBEC International Bank for Economic Cooperation
IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
ICC International Chamber of Commerce
ICEM Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration; see
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
ICFTU International Confederation of Free Trade Unions
ICJ International Court of Justice
ICM Intergovernmental Committee for Migration; see
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross
ICRM International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
IDA International Development Association
IDB Islamic Development Bank
IEA International Energy Agency
IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development
IFC International Finance Corporation
IFCTU International Federation of Christian Trade Unions
IFRCS International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent
Societies
IGADD Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development
IIB International Investment Bank
ILO International Labor Organization
IMCO Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization; see
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
IMF International Monetary Fund
IMO International Maritime Organization
INMARSAT International Maritime Satellite Organization
INTELSAT International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
INTERPOL International Criminal Police Organization
IOC International Olympic Committee
IOM International Organization for Migration
ISO International Organization for Standardization
ITU International Telecommunication Union
L LAES Latin American Economic System
LAIA Latin American Integration Association
LAS League of Arab States; see Arab League (AL)
LDC less developed country
LLDC least developed country
LORCS League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
M MERCOSUR Mercado Comun del Cono Sur; see Southern Cone Common Market
MINURSO United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
MTCR Missile Technology Control Regime
N NACC North Atlantic Cooperation Council
NAM Nonaligned Movement
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NC Nordic Council
NEA Nuclear Energy Agency
NIB Nordic Investment Bank
NIC newly industrializing country; see newly industrializing
economy (NIE)
NIE newly industrializing economy
NSG Nuclear Suppliers Group
O OAPEC Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries
OAS Organization of American States
OAU Organization of African Unity
OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
OECS Organization of Eastern Caribbean States
OIC Organization of the Islamic Conference
ONUMOZ see UNOMOZ
ONUSAL United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador
OPANAL Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la
America Latina y el Caribe; see Agency for the
Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and
the Caribbean
OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
OSCE Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe
P PCA Permanent Court of Arbitration
PFP Partnership for Peace
R RG Rio Group
S SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
SACU Southern African Customs Union
SADC Southern African Development Community
SADCC Southern African Development Coordination Conference
SELA Sistema Economico Latinoamericana; see Latin American
Economic System (LAES)
SPARTECA South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation
Agreement
SPC South Pacific Commission
SPF South Pacific Forum
U UDEAC Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale; see
Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)
UN United Nations
UNAVEM II United Nations Angola Verification Mission
UNAMIR United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda
UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNDOF United Nations Disengagement Observer Force
UNDP United Nations Development Program
UNEP United Nations Environment Program
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
Organization
UNFICYP United Nations Force in Cyprus
UNFPA United Nations Fund for Population Activities; see UN
Population Fund (UNFPA)
UNHCR United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees
UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund
UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization
UNIFIL United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
UNIKOM United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission
UNITAR United Nations Institute for Training and Research
UNMIH United Nations Mission in Haiti
UNMOGIP United Nations Military Observer Group in India and
Pakistan
UNOMIG United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia
UNOMIL United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia
UNOMOZ United Nations Operation in Mozambique
UNOMUR United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda
(ONUMOZ)
UNOSOM United Nations Operation in Somalia
UNPROFOR United Nations Protection Force
UNRISD United Nations Research Institute for Social Development
UNRWA United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine
Refugees in the Near East
UNTAC United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia
UNTSO United Nations Truce Supervision Organization
UNU United Nations University
UPU Universal Postal Union
USSR/EE USSR/Eastern Europe
W WADB West African Development Bank
WCL World Confederation of Labor
WEU Western European Union
WFC World Food Council
WFP World Food Program
WFTU World Federation of Trade Unions
WHO World Health Organization
WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization
WMO World Meteorological Organization
WP Warsaw Pact (members met 1 July 1991 to dissolve the
alliance)
WTO see WToO
WToO World Tourism Organization
WTrO World Trade Organization (will be added in The World
Factbook 1996)
Z ZC Zangger Committee
Note: Not all international organizations and groups have abbreviations.
Appendix 4
International Organizations
title
ztztCentral Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix C: International Organizations and Groups
-----
Note: The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) has dissolved and
ceases to exist. None of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia,
including Serbia and Montenegro, have been permitted to participate solely
on the basis of the membership of the former Yugoslavia in the United
Nations General Assembly and Economic and Social Council and their
subsidiary bodies and in various United Nations specialized agencies. The
United Nations, however, permits the seat and nameplate of the SFRY to
remain, permits the SFRY mission to continue to function, and continues to
fly the flag of the former Yugoslavia. For a variety of reasons, a number
of other organizations have not yet taken action with regard to the
membership of the former Yugoslavia. The World Factbook therefore continues
to list Yugoslavia under international organizations where the SFRY seat
remains or where no action has yet been taken.
-----
advanced developing countries
another term for those less developed countries (LDCs) with particularly
rapid industrial development; see newly industrializing economies (NIEs)
-----
African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries (ACP)
address - Avenue Georges Henri 451, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 733 96 00
FAX - [32] (2) 735 55 73
established - 1 April 1976
aim - to manage their preferential economic and aid relationship with the
members - (70) Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize,
Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African
Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Dominica,
Dominican Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The
Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica,
Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania,
Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Rwanda,
Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands,
Somalia, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and
Tobago, Tuvalu, Uganda, Vanuatu, Western Samoa, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
African Development Bank (AfDB)
note - also known as Banque Africaine de Developpement (BAD)
address - 01 BP 1387, Abidjan 01, Cote d
Ivoire
telephone - [225] 20 44 44
FAX - [225] 21 77 53, 20 49 01, 20 49 09
established - 4 August 1963
aim - to promote economic and social development
regional members - (51) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi,
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote
d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia,
Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger,
Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
nonregional members - (26) Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada,
China, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, South Korea,
Kuwait, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US, Yugoslavia
-----
Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique (ACCT)
see Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)
-----
Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)
note - acronym from Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique
address - 13 quai Andre-Citroen, F-75015 Paris, France
telephone - [33] (1) 44 37 33 00
FAX - [33] (1) 45 79 14 98
established - 21 March 1970
aim - to promote cultural and technical cooperation among French-speaking
countries
members - (37) Belgium, Benin, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote
d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Dominica, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Guinea,
Haiti, Laos, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritius, Monaco,
Niger, Romania, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Togo, Tunisia, Vanuatu,
Vietnam, Zaire
associate members - (5) Egypt, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Morocco, Saint
Lucia
participating governments - (2) New Brunswick (Canada), Quebec (Canada)
-----
Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the
Caribbean (OPANAL)
note - acronym from Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares
en la America Latina y el Caribe (OPANAL)
address - Temistocles 78, Col Polanco, CP 011560, Mexico City 5 DF, Mexico
telephone - [52] (5) 280 4923, 280 5064
FAX - [52] (5) 280 2965
established - 14 February 1967
aim - to encourage the peaceful uses of atomic energy and prohibit nuclear
weapons
members - (28) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados,
Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico,
Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela
-----
Andean Group (AG)
address - c\o JUNAC, Paseo de la Republica 3895, Casilla 18-1177, Lima 27,
telephone - [51] (14) 414212
FAX - [51] (14) 420911
established - 26 May 1969
effective - 16 October 1969
aim - to promote harmonious development through economic integration
members - (5) Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
associate member - (1) Panama
observers - (26) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada,
Costa Rica, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, India, Israel, Italy,
Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Paraguay, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US,
Uruguay, Yugoslavia
-----
Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)
note - also known as Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique
(BADEA)
address - Sayed Abdel Rahman El Mahdi Avenue, P.O. Box 2640, Khartoum,
Sudan
telephone - [249] (11) 73646, 73498, 73709
FAX - [249] (11) 70600
established - 18 February 1974
effective - 16 September 1974
aim - to promote economic development
members - (17 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria, Bahrain,
Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman,
Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Palestine Liberation
Organization; note - these are all the members of the Arab League except
for Comoros, Djibouti, Somalia, and Yemen
-----
Arab Cooperation Council (ACC)
established - 16 February 1989
aim - to promote economic cooperation and integration, possibly leading to
an Arab Common Market
members - (4) Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Yemen
-----
Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)
address - P.O. Box 21923, Safat 13080, Kuwait
telephone - [965] 2451580, 2451588
FAX - [965] 2416758
established - 16 May 1968
aim - to promote economic and social development
members - (20 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria, Bahrain,
Djibouti, Egypt (suspended from 1979 to 1988), Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait,
Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia,
Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization
-----
Arab League (AL)
note - also known as League of Arab States (LAS)
address - Midan Attahrir, Tahrir Square, P.O. Box 11642, Cairo, Egypt
telephone - [20] (2) 750 511
FAX - [20] (2) 740 331
established - 22 March 1945
aim - to promote economic, social, political, and military cooperation
members - (21 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria, Bahrain,
Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania,
Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE,
Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization
-----
Arab Maghreb Union (AMU)
address - 27 avenue Okba Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
established - 17 February 1989
aim - to promote cooperation and integration among the Arab states of
northern Africa
members - (5) Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia
-----
Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)
address - P.O. Box 2818, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
telephone - [971] (2) 215000
FAX - [971] (2) 326454
established - 27 April 1976
effective - 2 February 1977
aim - to promote Arab cooperation, development, and integration in monetary
and economic affairs
members - (19 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria, Bahrain,
Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman,
Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Yemen, Palestine
Liberation Organization
-----
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
address - Ministry of Trade and Industry, Public Relations, 8 Shenton Way
No 48-01, Treasury Building, Singapore, Singapore
established - 7 November 1989
aim - to promote trade and investment in the Pacific basin
members - (18) all ASEAN members (Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines,
Singapore, Thailand) plus Australia, Canada, Chile, China, Hong Kong,
Japan, South Korea, Mexico, NZ, Papua New Guinea, Taiwan, US
observers - (3) Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Pacific Economic
Cooperation Conference, South Pacific Forum
-----
Asian Development Bank (AsDB)
address - 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong, METRO Manila, Philippines
telephone - [63] (2) 711 3851
FAX - [63] (2) 741 7961, 631 6816
established - 19 December 1966
aim - to promote regional economic cooperation
regional members - (40) Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma,
Cambodia, China, Cook Islands, Fiji, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan,
Kazakhstan, Kiribati, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives,
Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal,
NZ, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Islands,
Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam,
Western Samoa
nonregional members - (16) Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey, UK, US
-----
Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion (ALADI)
see Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)
-----
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
address - Jalan Sisingamangaraja 70A, Kebayoran Baru, P.O. Box 2072,
Jakarta 12110, Indonesia
telephone - [62] (21) 71 22 72, 71 19 88
FAX - [62] (21) 739 82 34
established - 9 August 1967
aim - to encourage regional economic, social, and cultural cooperation
among the non-Communist countries of Southeast Asia
members - (6) Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand
observers - (3) Laos, Papua New Guinea, Vietnam
-----
Australia Group
established - 1984
aim - to consult on and coordinate export controls related to chemical and
biological weapons
members - (28) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US
observer - (1) Singapore
-----
Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)
address - c/o Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Bag 8, Queen
Victoria Terrace, Canberra ACT 2600, Australia
telephone - [61] (62) 61 91 11
FAX - [61] (62) 61 21 51
established - 1 September 1951
effective - 29 April 1952
aim - to implement a trilateral mutual security agreement, although the US
suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986
members - (3) Australia, NZ, US
-----
Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico (BCIE)
see Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)
-----
Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID)
see Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
-----
Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
address - Centralbahnplatz 2, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (61) 280 80 80
FAX - [41] (61) 280 91 00
established - 20 January 1930
effective - 17 March 1930
aim - to promote cooperation among central banks in international financial
settlements
members - (33) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US, Yugoslavia
-----
Banque Africaine de Developpement (BAD)
see African Development Bank (AfDB)
-----
Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique (BADEA)
see Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)
-----
Banque de Developpement des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (BDEAC)
see Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)
-----
Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement (BOAD)
see West African Development Bank (WADB)
-----
Benelux Economic Union (Benelux)
note - acronym from Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg
address - Rue de la Regence 39, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 519 38 11
FAX - [32] (2) 513 42 06
established - 3 February 1958
effective - 1 November 1960
aim - to develop closer economic cooperation and integration
members - (3) Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands
-----
Big Seven
note - membership is the same as the Group of 7
established - NA 1975
aim - to discuss and coordinate major economic policies
members - (7) Big Six (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK) plus the
-----
Big Six
note - not to be confused with the Group of 6
established - NA 1967
aim - to foster economic cooperation
members - (6) Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK
-----
Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC)
established - 25 June 1992
aim - to enhance regional stability through economic cooperation
members - (11) Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Greece,
Moldova, Romania, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine
observer - (1) Poland
-----
Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM)
address - CARICOM, P.O. Box 10827, Bank of Guyana Building, 3rd floor,
Avenue of the Republic, Georgetown, Guyana
telephone - [592] (2) 69281 through 69289
FAX - [592] (2) 66091, 67816, 57341
established - 4 July 1973
effective - 1 August 1973
aim - to promote economic integration and development, especially among the
less developed countries
members - (14) Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize,
Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and
Tobago
associate members - (2) British Virgin Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands
observers - (9) Anguilla, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Dominican Republic,
Haiti, Mexico, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Venezuela
-----
Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)
address - P.O. Box 408, Wildey, St. Michael, Barbados
telephone - [1] (809) 431 1600
FAX - [1] (809) 426 7269
established - 18 October 1969
effective - 26 January 1970
aim - to promote economic development and cooperation
regional members - (20) Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas,
Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Colombia,
Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and
Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago,
Turks and Caicos Islands, Venezuela
nonregional members - (5) Canada, France, Germany, Italy, UK
-----
Cartagena Group
see Group of 11
-----
Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)
note - acronym from Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale
address - BP 969, Bangui, Central African Republic
telephone - [236] 61 09 22, 61 45 77
FAX - [236] 61 21 35
established - 8 December 1964
effective - 1 January 1966
aim - to promote the establishment of a Central African Common Market
members - (6) Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial
Guinea, Gabon
-----
Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)
note - acronym from Banque de Developpement des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale
address - BDEAC, Place du Gouvernement, BP 1177, Brazzaville, Congo
telephone - [242] 83 01 26, 83 01 49, 81 02 12, 81 02 21
FAX - [242] 83 02 66
established - 3 December 1975
aim - to provide loans for economic development
members - (9) Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial
Guinea, France, Gabon, Germany, Kuwait
-----
Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)
note - acronym from Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico
address - Apartado Postal 772, Tegucigalpa DC, Honduras
telephone - [504] 372230 through 372239, 371184 through 371188
FAX - [504] 370793
established - 13 December 1960
aim - to promote economic integration and development
members - (5) Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua
nonregional members - (4) Argentina, Mexico, Taiwan, Venezuela
-----
Central American Common Market (CACM)
address - 4A Avda 10-25, Zona 14, Apdo Postal 1237, 01901 Guatemala City,
Guatemala
telephone - [502] (2) 682151
FAX - [502] (2) 681071
established - 13 December 1960
effective - 3 June 1961
aim - to promote establishment of a Central American Common Market
members - (5) Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua
-----
Central European Initiative (CEI)
note - evolved from the Hexagonal Group
address - Chairman of the National Coordinators, Ministry for Foreign
Affairs, Bem rakpart 47, Budapest II, Hungary
established - 27 July 1991
aim - to form an economic and political cooperation group for the region
between the Adriatic and the Baltic Seas
members - (10) Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic,
Hungary, Italy, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Poland,
Slovakia, Slovenia
associate members - (4) Bulgaria, Belarus, Romania, Ukraine
-----
centrally planned economies
a term applied mainly to the traditionally Communist states that looked to
the former USSR for leadership; most are now evolving toward more
democratic and market-oriented systems; also known formerly as the Second
World or as the Communist countries; through the 1980s, this group included
Albania, Bulgaria, Cambodia, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, GDR, Hungary,
North Korea, Laos, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam, Yugoslavia
-----
Colombo Plan (CP)
address - Colombo Plan Bureau, P.O. Box 596, 12 Melbourne Avenue, Colombo
4, Sri Lanka
telephone - [94] (1) 581813, 581853, 581754
FAX - [94] (1) 580721
established - 1 July 1951
aim - to promote economic and social development in Asia and the Pacific
members - (24) Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, Cambodia,
Fiji, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, South Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives,
Nepal, NZ, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore,
Sri Lanka, Thailand, US
-----
Commission for Social Development
note - formerly Social Commission
address - c/o ECOSOC/DPCSD, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 2320
FAX - [1] (212) 963 5935
established - 21 June 1946 as the Social Commission, renamed 29 July 1966
aim - to deal, as part of the Economic and Social Council, with social
development programs of UN
members - (32) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice
established - 6 February 1992
aim - to provide guidance, as part of the Economic and Social Council, on
crime prevention and criminal justice
members - (40) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
Commission on Human Rights
address - c/o United Nationas Office, Centre for Human Rights, Palais des
Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 917 12 34, 907 12 34
FAX - [41] (22) 733 32 46
established - 18 February 1946
aim - to assist, as part of the Economic and Social Council, with human
rights programs of UN
members - (53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
Commission on Human Settlements (Habitat)
address - c/o HABITAT, P.O. Box 30030, Nairobi, Kenya
telephone - [254] (2) 621234
FAX - [254] (2) 226473, 226479
established - 12 October 1978
aim - to assist, as part of the Economic and Social Council, in solving
human settlement problems of UN
members - (58) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
Commission on Narcotic Drugs
address - c/o International Drug Control Programme, Treaty Implementation
and Legal Affairs Division, P.O. Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
telephone - [43] (1) 211 310
FAX - [43] (1) 230 7002
established - 16 February 1946
aim - Economic and Social Council organization dealing with illicit drugs
programs of UN
members - (53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions with emphasis
on producing and processing countries
-----
Commission on Science and Technology for Development
established - 30 April 1992
aim - to promote international cooperation, as part of the Economic and
Social Council, in the field of science and technology
members - (53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
Commission on the Status of Women
address - c/o Economic and Social Council, Affairs Division, Department for
Policy Coordination and Sustainable Development, Room S-2963, United
Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
established - 21 June 1946
aim - to deal, as part of the Economic and Social Council, with women's
rights goals of UN
members - (45) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
Commission on Sustainable Development
established - 12 February 1993
aim - to monitor, as part of the Economic and Social Council,
implementation of agreements reached at the UN Conference on Environment
and Development
members - (53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
Commonwealth (C)
address - c/o Commonwealth Secretariat, Marlborough House, Pall Mall,
London SW1Y5HX, UK
telephone - [44] (71) 839 3411
FAX - [44] (71) 930 0827
established - 31 December 1931
aim - to foster multinational cooperation and assistance, as a voluntary
association that evolved from the British Empire
members - (49) Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Brunei, Canada, Cyprus, Dominica, The Gambia,
Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Namibia, NZ, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua
New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South
Africa, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda,
UK, Vanuatu, Western Samoa, Zambia, Zimbabwe
special members - (2) Nauru, Tuvalu
-----
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
address - Kirov Street 17, 220000 Minsk, Belarus
telephone - [7] (172) 293434, 293517
FAX - [7] (172) 261894, 261944
established - 8 December 1991
effective - 21 December 1991
aim - to coordinate intercommonwealth relations and to provide a mechanism
for the orderly dissolution of the USSR
members - (12) Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
-----
Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEAO)
see West African Economic Community (CEAO)
-----
Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (CEEAC)
see Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)
-----
Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs (CEPGL)
see Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)
-----
Communist countries
traditionally the Marxist-Leninist states with authoritarian governments
and command economies based on the Soviet model; most of the original and
the successor states are no longer Communist; see centrally planned
economies
-----
Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE)
see Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
-----
Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire (CERN)
see European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
-----
Contadora Group (CG)
was established 5 January 1983 (on the Panamanian island of Contadora) to
reduce tensions and conflicts in Central America; has evolved into the Rio
Group (RG); members included Colombia, Mexico, Panama, Venezuela
-----
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf
see Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
-----
Coordinating Committee on Export Controls (COCOM)
established in 1949 to control the export of strategic products and
technical data from member countries to proscribed destinations; members
were Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy,
Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, UK, US;
was abolished 31 March 1994; COCOM members are working on a new
organization with expanded membership which focuses on nonproliferation
export controls as opposed to East-West control of advanced technology
-----
Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA)
note - also known as CMEA or Comecon
established 25 January 1949 to promote the development of socialist
economies and was abolished 1 January 1991; members included Afghanistan
(observer), Albania (had not participated since 1961 break with USSR),
Angola (observer), Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Ethiopia (observer),
GDR, Hungary, Laos (observer), Mongolia, Mozambique (observer), Nicaragua
(observer), Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam, Yemen (observer), Yugoslavia
(associate)
-----
Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU)
address - BP 925100, Amman, Jordan
telephone - [962] (6) 66 43 26, 66 43 27, 66 43 28
FAX - [962] (6) 66 33 43
established - 3 June 1957
effective - 30 May 1964
aim - to promote economic integration among Arab nations
members - (11 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Egypt, Iraq,
Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Mauritania, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, UAE, Yemen,
Palestine Liberation Organization
-----
Council of Europe (CE)
address - Palais de l
Europe, F-67075 Strasbourg CEDEX, France
telephone - [33] 88 41 20 00
FAX - [33] 88 41 27 81, 88 41 27 82
established - 5 May 1949
effective - 3 August 1949
aim - to promote increased unity and quality of life in Europe
members - (32) Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey, UK
guests - (9) Albania, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Latvia, The
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Russia, Ukraine
observer - (1) Israel
-----
Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS)
established - 5 March 1992
aim - to promote cooperation among the Baltic Sea states in the areas of
aid to new democratic institutions, economic development, humanitarian aid,
energy and the environment, cultural programs and education, and
transportation and communication
members - (10) Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania,
Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden
-----
Council of the Entente (Entente)
address - BP 3734, Abidjan 01, Cote d
Ivoire
telephone - [225] 33 10 01, 33 28 35
FAX - [225] 33 11 49
established - 29 May 1959
aim - to promote economic, social, and political coordination
members - (5) Benin, Burkina, Cote d'Ivoire, Niger, Togo
-----
Customs Cooperation Council (CCC)
address - Rue de l
Industrie 26-38, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 508 42 11
FAX - [32] (2) 508 42 40
established - 15 December 1950
aim - to promote international cooperation in customs matters
members - (136) Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia,
Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bermuda,
Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Cape
Verde, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo,
Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt,
Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany,
Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Hong Kong, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macau, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia,
Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi
Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda,
Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
-----
developed countries (DCs)
Appendix 5
International Organizations
title
tCentral Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix C: International Organizations and Groups
-----
the top group in the hierarchy of developed countries (DCs), former
USSR/Eastern Europe (former USSR/EE), and less developed countries (LDCs);
includes the market-oriented economies of the mainly democratic nations in
the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Bermuda,
Israel, South Africa, and the European ministates; also known as the First
World, high-income countries, the North, industrial countries; generally
have a per capita GDP in excess of $10,000 although four OECD countries and
South Africa have figures well under $10,000 and two of the excluded OPEC
countries have figures of more than $10,000; the 35 DCs are: Andorra,
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bermuda, Canada, Denmark, Faroe Islands,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Iceland, Ireland, Israel,
Italy, Japan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Monaco,
Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, San Marino, South Africa, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US
-----
developing countries
an imprecise term for the less developed countries with growing economies;
see less developed countries (LDCs)
-----
East African Development Bank (EADB)
address - 4 Nile Avenue, P.O. Box 7128, Kampala, Uganda
telephone - [256] (41) 230021, 230825
FAX - [256] (41) 259763
established - 6 June 1967
effective - 1 December 1967
aim - to promote economic development
members - (3) Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
-----
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
address - United Nations Building, Rajadamnern Avenue, Bangkok 10200,
Thailand
telephone - [66] (2) 2829161 through 2829200, 2829381 through 2829389
FAX - [66] (2) 2811743
established - 28 March 1947 as Economic Commission for Asia and the Far
East (ECAFE)
aim - to carryout the commitment of the Economic and Social Council of the
UN to promote economic development
members - (49) Afghanistan, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh,
Bhutan, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, Fiji, France, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan,
Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia,
Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan,
Thailand, Tonga, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu,
Vietnam, Western Samoa
associate members - (10) American Samoa, Cook Islands, French Polynesia,
Guam, Hong Kong, Macau, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands,
Palau
-----
Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
address - (temporary) P.O. Box 927115, Amman, Jordan
telephone - [962] (6) 694351
FAX - [962] (6) 694981, 694982
established - 9 August 1973 as Economic Commission for Western Asia (ECWA)
aim - to promote economic development as a regional commission for the UN's
Economic and Social Council
members - (12 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Bahrain, Egypt,
Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, UAE,
Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization
-----
Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)
address - United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 758 2718
established - 26 June 1945
effective - 24 October 1945
aim - to coordinate the economic and social work of the UN; includes five
regional commissions (see Economic Commission for Africa, Economic
Commission for Europe, Economic Commission for Latin America and the
Caribbean, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific,
Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia) and 10 functional
commissions (see Commission for Social Development, Commission on Human
Rights, Commission on Narcotic Drugs, Commission on the Status of Women,
Population Commission, Statistical Commission, Commission on Science and
Technology for Development, Commission on Sustainable Development,
Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, and Commission on
Transnational Corporations)
members - (54) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)
address - P.O. Box 3001-3005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
telephone - [251] (1) 51 72 00
FAX - [251] (1) 51 44 16
established - 29 April 1958
aim - to promote economic development as a regional commission of the UN's
Economic and Social Council
members - (53) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi,
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote
d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The
Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya,
Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique,
Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members - (2) France, UK
-----
Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE)
see Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
-----
Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)
address - Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 917 1234, 907 2893
FAX - [41] (22) 917 0036
established - 28 March 1947
aim - to promote economic development as a regional commission of the UN's
Economic and Social Council
members - (54) Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus,
Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Russia, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia
-----
Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA)
see Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
-----
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
address - Edificio Naciones Unidas, Avenida Dag Hammarskjold, Casilla 179
D, Santiago, Chile
telephone - [56] (2) 2102000
FAX [56] (2) 2080252, 2081946
established - 25 February 1948 as Economic Commission for Latin America
(ECLA)
aim - to promote economic development as a regional commission of the UN's
Economic and Social Council
members - (41) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados,
Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, France, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Italy, Jamaica, Mexico, Netherlands,
Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint
Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Spain, Suriname, Trinidad and
Tobago, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela
associate members - (6) Aruba, British Virgin Islands, Montserrat,
Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands
-----
Economic Commission for Western Asia (ECWA)
see Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
-----
Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)
note - acronym from Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale
address - CEEAC, BP 2112, Libreville, Gabon
telephone - [241] 73 35 47, 73 35 48, 73 36 77
established - 18 October 1983
aim - to promote regional economic cooperation and establish a Central
African Common Market
members - (10) Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo,
Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Zaire
observer - (1) Angola
-----
Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)
note - acronym from Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs
address - B.O. Box 58, Gisenyi, Rwanda
telephone - [250] 40228
FAX - [250] 40785
established - 26 September 1976
aim - to promote regional economic cooperation and integration
members - (3) Burundi, Rwanda, Zaire
-----
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
address - 6 King George V Road, PMB 12745, Lagos, Nigeria
telephone - [234] (1) 636839, 636841, 636064, 630398
FAX - [234] (1) 636822
established - 28 May 1975
aim - to promote regional economic cooperation
members - (16) Benin, Burkina, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, The Gambia,
Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria,
Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
-----
Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
address - 5 Hejab Avenue, Bd Keshavarz, P.O. Box 14155-6176, Teheran, Iran
Islamic Republic
telephone - [98] (21) 658614, 656152, 658045
FAX - [98] (21) 658046
established - NA 1985
aim - to promote regional cooperation in trade, transportation,
communications, tourism, cultural affairs, and economic development
members - (10) Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
associate member - (1) "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus"
-----
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
address - One Exchange Square, London EC2A 2EH, UK
telephone - [44] (71) 338 6000
FAX - [44] (71) 338 6100
established - 15 April 1991
aim - to facilitate the transition of seven centrally planned economies in
Europe (Bulgaria, former Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, former
USSR, and former Yugoslavia) to market economies by committing 60% of its
loans to privatization
members - (59) Albania, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus,
Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt,
European Union (EU), European Investment Bank (EIB), Estonia, Finland,
France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy,
Japan, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta,
Mexico, Moldova, Morocco, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Russia, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan; note -
includes all 25 members of the OECD; also includes the EU as a single
entity
-----
European Community (or European Communities, EC)
was established 8 April 1965 to integrate the European Atomic Energy
Community (Euratom), the European Coal and Steel Community (ESC), the
European Economic Community (EEC or Common Market), and to establish a
completely integrated common market and an eventual federation of Europe;
merged into the European Union (EU) on 7 February 1992; member states at
the time of merger were Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland,
Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, UK
-----
European Free Trade Association (EFTA)
address - 9-11 rue de Varembe, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 749 11 11
FAX - [41] (22) 733 92 91
established - 4 January 1960
effective - 3 May 1960
aim - to promote expansion of free trade
members - (7) Austria, Finland, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Sweden,
Switzerland
-----
European Investment Bank (EIB)
address - Bd Konrad Adenauer 100, L-2950 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
telephone - [352] 43791
FAX - [352] 437704
established - 25 March 1957
effective - 1 January 1958
aim - to promote economic development of the EU
members - (12) Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, UK
-----
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
note - acronym retained from the predecessor organization Conseil Europeen
pour la Recherche Nucleaire
address - CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 767 61 11
FAX - [41] (22) 767 65 55
established - 1 July 1953
effective - 29 September 1954
aim - to foster nuclear research for peaceful purposes only
members - (19) Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK
observers - (6) EC, Israel, Russia, Turkey, United Nations Educational,
Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Yugoslavia
-----
European Space Agency (ESA)
address - 8-10 rue Mario Nikis, F-75738 Paris CEDEX 15, France
telephone - [33] (1) 42 73 76 54
FAX - [33] (1) 42 73 75 60
established - 31 July 1973
effective - 1 May 1975
aim - to promote peaceful cooperation in space research and technology
members - (13) Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy,
Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK
associate member - (1) Finland
cooperating state - (1) Canada
-----
European Union (EU)
note - evolved from the European Community (EC)
address - c/o European Commission, Rue de la Loi 200, B-1049 Brussels,
Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 299 11 11
FAX [32] (2) 295 01 38 through 295 01 40
established - 7 February 1992
effective - 1 November 1993
aim - to coordinate policy among the 15 members in three fields: economics,
building on the European Economic Community's (EEC) efforts to establish a
common market and eventually a common currency; defense, within the concept
of a Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP); and justice and home
affairs, including immigration, drugs, terrorism, and improved living and
working conditions
members-(15) Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, UK
-----
First World
another term for countries with advanced, industrialized economies; this
term is fading from use; see developed countries (DCs)
-----
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
address - Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, I-00100 Rome, Italy
telephone - [39] (6) 52251
FAX [39] (6) 5225 3152, 5225 5155, 578 2610
established - 16 October 1945
aim - to raise living standards and increase availability of agricultural
products, as a UN specialized agency
members - (170) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,
Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,
Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, EU,
Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos,
Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives,
Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,
Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman,
Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,
Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia,
South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden,
Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago,
Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate member - (1) Puerto Rico
-----
Former USSR/Eastern Europe (former USSR/EE)
the middle group in the hierarchy of developed countries (DCs), former
USSR/Eastern Europe (former USSR/EE), and less developed countries (LDCs);
these countries are in political and economic transition and may well be
grouped differently in the near future; this group of 27 countries consists
of Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Latvia, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova,
Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
-----
Four Dragons
the four small Asian less developed countries (LDCs) that have experienced
unusually rapid economic growth; also known as the Four Tigers; this group
includes Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan
-----
Four Tigers
another term for the Four Dragons; see Four Dragons
-----
Franc Zone (FZ)
address - Direction Generale des Service Etrangers (Service de la Zone
Franc), Banque de France, 39 rue Crois-des-Petits-Champs, BP 140-01, Paris
Cedex 01, France
telephone - [33] (1) 42 92 31 26
FAX - [33] (1) 42 92 39 88
established - 20 December 1945
aim - to form a monetary union among countries whose currencies are linked
to the French franc
members - (15) Benin, Burkina, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad,
Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Mali,
Niger, Senegal, Togo; note - France includes metropolitan France, the four
overseas departments of France (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique,
Reunion), the two territorial collectivities of France (Mayotte, Saint
Pierre and Miquelon), and the three overseas territories of France (French
Polynesia, New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna)
-----
Front Line States (FLS)
established to achieve black majority rule in South Africa; members
included Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
note - was subsumed by the World Trade Organization (WTrO) on 1 January
address - rue de Lausanne 154, CH-1211 Geneva 21, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 739 51 11
FAX - [41] (22) 731 42 06
established - 30 October 1947
effective - 1 January 1948
aim - to promote the expansion of international trade on a
nondiscriminatory basis
members - (123) Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana,
Brazil, Brunei, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Central African
Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El
Salvador, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece,
Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong,
Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan,
Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macau,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mexico, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger,
Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, South
Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda,
UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
-----
Group of 2 (G-2)
established - informal term that came into use about 1986
aim - to facilitate bilateral economic cooperation between the two most
powerful economic giants
members - (2) Japan, US
-----
Group of 3 (G-3)
established - NA October 1990
aim - mechanism for policy coordination
members - (3) Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela
-----
Group of 5 (G-5)
established - 22 September 1985
aim - to coordinate the economic policies of the five major non-Communist
economic powers
members - (5) France, Germany, Japan, UK, US
-----
Group of 6 (G-6)
note - also known as Groupe des Six Sur le Desarmement not to be confused
with the Big Six
established - 22 May 1984
aim - to achieve nuclear disarmament
members - (6) Argentina, Greece, India, Mexico, Sweden, Tanzania
-----
Group of 7 (G-7)
note - membership is the same as the Big Seven
established - 22 September 1985
aim - to facilitate economic cooperation among the seven major non-
Communist economic powers
members - (7) Group of 5 (France, Germany, Japan, UK, US) plus Canada and
Italy
-----
Group of 8 (G-8)
established - NA October 1975
aim - to facilitate economic cooperation among the developed countries
(DCs) that participated in the Conference on International Economic
Cooperation (CIEC), held in several sessions between NA December 1975 and 3
June 1977
members - (8) Australia, Canada, EU (as one member), Japan, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, US
-----
Group of 9 (G-9)
established - NA
aim - to discuss matters of mutual interest on an informal basis
members - (9) Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, Hungary,
Romania, Sweden, Yugoslavia
-----
Group of 10 (G-10)
note - also known as the Paris Club; includes the wealthiest members of the
IMF who provide most of the money to be loaned and act as the informal
steering committee; name persists in spite of the addition of Switzerland
on NA April 1984
address - c/o IMF Office in Europe, 64-66 ave d
Iena, F-75116 Paris, France
telephone - [33] (1) 40 69 30 80
FAX - [33] (1) 47 23 40 89
established - NA October 1962
aim - to coordinate credit policy
members - (11) Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands,
Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US
nonstate participants - (4) BIS, EU, IMF, OECD
-----
Group of 11 (G-11)
note - also known as the Cartagena Group
established - 22 June 1984, in Cartagena, Colombia
aim - to provide a forum for largest debtor nations in Latin America
members - (11) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela
-----
Group of 15 (G-15)
note - byproduct of the Non-Aligned Movement
address - Technical Support Facility, Ch du Champ d
Ancier 17, Case postale
326, CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 798 42 10
FAX - [41] (22) 798 38 49
established - September 1989
aim - to promote economic cooperation among developing nations; to act as
the main political organ for the Non-Aligned Movement
members - (15) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Egypt, India, Indonesia,
Jamaica, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Peru, Senegal, Venezuela, Yugoslavia,
Zimbabwe
-----
Group of 19 (G-19)
established - NA October 1975
aim - to represent the interests of the less developed countries (LDCs)
that participated in the Conference on International Economic Cooperation
(CIEC) held in several sessions between NA December 1975 and 3 June 1977
members - (19) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Cameroon, Egypt, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Saudi
Arabia, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia
-----
Group of 24 (G-24)
address - c/o European Commission, DGI, G-24 Coordination Unit, Rue de la
Science 29, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 299 22 44
FAX - [32] (2) 299 06 02
established - NA January 1972
aim - to promote the interests of developing countries in Africa, Asia, and
Latin America within the IMF
members - (24) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guatemala, India, Iran, Lebanon, Mexico, Nigeria,
Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Trinidad and Tobago,
Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire
-----
Group of 30 (G-30)
address - 1990 M Street NW, Suite 450, Washington, DC 20036, USA
telephone - [1] (202) 331 2472
established - NA 1979
aim - to discuss and propose solutions to the world's economic problems
members - (30) informal group of 30 leading international bankers,
economists, financial experts, and businessmen organized by Johannes
Witteveen (former managing director of the IMF)
-----
Group of 33 (G-33)
established - NA 1987
aim - to promote solutions to international economic problems
members - (33) leading economists from 13 countries
-----
Group of 77 (G-77)
established - NA October 1967
aim - to promote economic cooperation among developing countries; name
persists in spite of increased membership
members - (127 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan,
Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Bahrain,
Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil,
Brunei, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote
d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,
Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia,
Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,
India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South
Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia,
Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman,
Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Qatar,
Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan,
Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and
Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, UAE, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western
Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Palestine Liberation
Organization
-----
Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
note - also known as the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the
address - P.O. Box 7431, Riyadh 11462 Saudi Arabia
telephone - [966] (1) 4827777
FAX - [966] (1) 4829089
established - 25 May 1981
aim - to promote regional cooperation in economic, social, political, and
military affairs
members - (6) Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE
-----
Habitat
see Commission on Human Settlements
-----
Hexagonal Group
see Central European Initiative (CEI)
-----
high-income countries
another term for the industrialized countries with high per capita GDPs;
see developed countries (DCs)
-----
industrial countries
another term for the developed countries; see developed countries (DCs)
-----
Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
note - also known as Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID)
address - 1300 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC 10577, USA
telephone - [1] (202) 632 1000
FAX - [1] (202) 789 2835
established - 8 April 1959
effective - 30 December 1959
aim - to promote economic and social development in Latin America
members - (46) Argentina, Austria, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium, Belize,
Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Denmark,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Finland, France, Germany,
Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Mexico,
Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Slovenia,
Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Uruguay,
Venezuela
-----
Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD)
address - BP 2653, Djibouti, Djibouti
telephone - [253] 354050, 352880
FAX - [253] 356994
established - 15-16 January 1986
aim - to promote cooperation on drought-related
matters
members - (7) Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda
-----
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
address - Wagramerstrasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
telephone - [43] (1) 2360 2045
FAX [43] (1) 234564
established - 26 October 1956
effective - 29 July 1957
aim - to promote peaceful uses of atomic energy
members - (121) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia,
Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil,
Bulgaria, Burma, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa
Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia,
Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Holy See,
Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy,
Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon,
Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Marshall Islands,
Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands, NZ,
Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia,
Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain,
Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia,
Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela,
Appendix 6
International Organizations
title
ItItCentral Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix C: International Organizations and Groups
-----
Vietnam, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
International Bank for Economic Cooperation (IBEC)
was established on 22 October 1963 to promote economic cooperation and
development; members were Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany,
Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam; now it is a Russian bank
with a new charter
-----
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
note - also known as the World Bank
address - 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA
telephone - [1] (202) 477 1234
FAX - [1] (202) 477 6391
established - 22 July 1944
effective - 27 December 1945
aim - to provide economic development loans; a UN specialized agency
members - (178) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain,
Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,
Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia,
Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El
Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland,
France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait,
Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,
Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and
Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri
Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu,
Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
address - 38 Cours Albert 1st, F-75008 Paris, France
telephone - [33] (1) 49 53 28 75
FAX - [33] (1) 49 53 29 42
established - NA 1919
aim - to promote free trade and private enterprise and to represent
business interests at national and international levels
members - (59 national councils) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium,
Brazil, Burkina, Cameroon, Canada, Colombia, Cote d'Ivoire, Cyprus,
Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Greece, Iceland,
India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, South Korea,
Kuwait, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mexico, Morocco, Netherlands,
Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore,
South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Togo,
Tunisia, Turkey, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire
-----
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
address - 1000 Sherbrooke Street West, Suite 327, Montreal PQ H3A 2R2,
Canada
telephone - [1] (514) 285 8219
FAX - [1] (514) 288 4772
established - 7 December 1944
effective - 4 April 1947
aim - to promote international cooperation in civil aviation; a UN
specialized agency
members - (183) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain,
Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma,
Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica,
Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,
Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq,
Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia,
Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives,
Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated
States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,
Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway,
Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines,
Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi
Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname,
Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand,
Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda,
Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
address - ICRC, 19 av de la Paix, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 734 60 01
FAX - [41] (22) 733 82 80
established - NA 1863
aim - to provide humanitarian aid in wartime
members - (25 individuals) all Swiss nationals
-----
International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)
address - International Trade Union House, Bd Emile Jacqmain 155, B-1210
Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 224 02 11
FAX - [32] (2) 218 84 15, 219 75 03
established - NA December 1949
aim - to promote the trade union movement
members - (164 national organizations in the following 118 areas) Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Basque Country, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Botswana,
Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Chad, Chile,
China, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Curacao, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia,
Falkland Islands, Fiji, Finland, France, French Polynesia, Gabon, The
Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Holy See,
Honduras, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Luxembourg,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Montserrat,
Morocco, Netherlands, New Caledonia, NZ, Nicaragua, Norway, Pakistan,
Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Puerto Rico, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint
Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland,
Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,
Turkey, Uganda, UK, US, Venezuela, Western Samoa, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
International Court of Justice (ICJ)
note - also known as the World Court
address - Peace Palace, NL-2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands
telephone - [31] (70) 302 23 23
FAX - [31] (70) 364 99 28
established - 26 June 1945
effective - 24 October 1945
aim - primary judicial organ of the UN
members - (15 judges) elected by the UN General Assembly and Security
Council to represent all principal legal systems
-----
International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL)
address - BP 6041, F-69411 Lyon CEDEX 06, France
telephone - [33] 71 44 70 00
FAX - [33] 72 44 71 63
established - 13 June 1956
aim - to promote international cooperation among police authorities in
fighting crime
members - (176) Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma,
Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia,
Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia,
Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany,
Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti,
Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel,
Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea,
Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, NZ,
Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New
Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,
Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain,
Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
subbureaus - (13) American Samoa, Anguilla, Bermuda, British Virgin
Islands, Cayman Islands, Gibraltar, Guam, Hong Kong, Macau, Montserrat,
Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands
-----
International Development Association (IDA)
address - 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA
telephone - [1] (202) 477 12 34
established - 26 January 1960
effective - 24 September 1960
aim - UN specialized agency and IBRD affiliate that provides economic loans
for low income countries
members - (157)
Part I - (24 more economically advanced countries) Australia, Austria,
Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Russia, South
Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, UAE, UK, US
Part II - (133 less developed nations) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria,
Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Botswana, Brazil, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde,
Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo,
Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece,
Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,
Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
Kiribati, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia,
Libya, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico,
Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,
Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea,
Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and
Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and
Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon
Islands, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Syria, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Uganda, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
-----
International Energy Agency (IEA)
address - 2 rue Andre Pascal, F-75775 Paris CEDEX 16, France
telephone - [33] (1) 45 24 82 00
FAX - [33] (1) 45 24 99 88
established - 15 November 1974
aim - to promote cooperation on energy matters, especially emergency oil
sharing and relations between oil consumers and oil producers; established
by the OECD
members - (23) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
NZ, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US
-----
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
note - formerly known as League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
(LORCS)
established - 5 May 1919
aim - to provide humanitarian aid in peacetime
members - (151) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina,
Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium,
Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma,
Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt,
El Salvador, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana,
Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,
Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia,
Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco,
Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger,
Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia,
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi
Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Solomon Islands,
Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland,
Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and
Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members - (13) Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Comoros, Cyprus,
Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Kiribati, Namibia, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Seychelles, Suriname, Tuvalu, Vanuatu
-----
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
address - 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA
telephone - [1] (202) 477 1234
FAX - [1] (202) 477 6391
established - 25 May 1955
effective - 20 July 1956
aim - to support private enterprise in international economic development;
a UN specialized agency and IBRD affiliate
members - (161) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus,
Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina,
Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji,
Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait,
Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico,
Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia,
Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan,
Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia,
South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland,
Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,
Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu,
Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
address - Via del Serafico 107, I-00142 Rome, Italy
telephone - [39] (6) 54591
FAX - [39] (6) 5043463
established - NA November 1974
aim - to promote agricultural development; a UN specialized agency
members - (157)
Category I - (21 industrialized aid contributors) Australia, Austria,
Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK,
Category II - (12 petroleum-exporting aid contributors) Algeria, Gabon,
Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE,
Venezuela
Category III - (124 aid recipients) Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize,
Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina,
Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica,
Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Fiji, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-
Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Israel, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya,
North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, The
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua
New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda, Saint
Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome
and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia,
Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda,
Uruguay, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire,
Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
International Investment Bank (IIB)
established on 7 July 1970; to promote economic development; members were
Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland,
Romania, USSR, Vietnam; now it is a Russian bank with a new charter
-----
International Labor Organization (ILO)
address - International Labor Office, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211 Geneva
22, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 799 61 11
FAX - [41] (22) 798 86 85
established - 11 April 1919 (affiliated with the UN 14 December 1946)
aim - UN specialized agency concerned with world labor issues
members - (171) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain,
Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,
Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,
Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji,
Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos,
Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,
Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman,
Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,
Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, San Marino, Sao Tome
and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri
Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela,
Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
note - name changed from Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative
Organization (IMCO) on 22 May 1982
address - 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR, UK
telephone - [44] (71) 735 7611
FAX - [44] (71) 587 3210
established - 17 March 1958
aim - to deal with international maritime affairs; a UN specialized agency
members - (149) Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina,
Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium,
Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria,
Burma, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, China, Colombia,
Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El
Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland,
France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon,
Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mexico, Monaco, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua,
Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saint Lucia, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands,
Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire
associate members - (2) Hong Kong, Macau
-----
International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT)
address - 99 City Road, London EC1Y 1AX, UK
telephone - [44] (71) 728 1000
FAX - [44] (71) 728 1044
established - 3 September 1976
effective - 26 July 1979
aim - to provide worldwide communications for maritime shipping and other
applications
members - (75) Algeria, Argentina, Australia, The Bahamas, Bahrain,
Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Canada,
Chile, China, Colombia, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Egypt, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iceland, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Kuwait, Liberia,
Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mozambique, Netherlands, NZ,
Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland,
Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore,
Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia,
Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Yugoslavia
-----
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
address - 700 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20431, USA
telephone - [1] (202) 623 7000
FAX - [1] (202) 623 4661, 623 7491, 623 4662
established - 22 July 1944
effective - 27 December 1945
aim - to promote world monetary stability and economic development; a UN
specialized agency
members - (179) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain,
Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,
Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia,
Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El
Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland,
France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait,
Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,
Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao
Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria,
Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,
Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan,
Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
International Olympic Committee (IOC)
note - there are 194 National Olympic Committees of which 185 are
recognized by the International Olympic Committee
address - Chateau de Vidy, CH-1007 Lausanne, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (21) 621 61 11
FAX - [41] (21) 621 62 16
established - 23 June 1894
aim - to promote the Olympic ideals and administer the Olympic games: 1996
Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States (20 July-4 August); 1998 Winter
Olympics in Nagano, Japan (date NA); 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney,
Australia (date NA)
National Olympic Committees - (193 and the Palestine Liberation
Organization) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, American Samoa, Andorra,
Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Austria,
Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium,
Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana,
Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi,
Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica,
Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial
Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,
Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guam, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana,
Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq,
Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazahkstan, Kenya, North
Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho,
Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, NZ,
Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New
Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Qatar,
Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia,
Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon
Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname,
Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela,
Vietnam, Virgin Islands, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (Serbia and
Montenegro), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Palestine Liberation Organization
-----
Appendix 7
International Organizations
title
rCentral Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix C: International Organizations and Groups
-----
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
note - established as Provisional Intergovernmental Committee for the
Movement of Migrants from Europe; renamed Intergovernmental Committee for
European Migration (ICEM) on 15 November 1952; renamed Intergovernmental
Committee for Migration (ICM) in November 1980; current name adopted 14
November 1989
address - 17 route des Morillons, CP 71, CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 717 91 11
FAX - [41] (22) 798 61 50
established - 5 December 1951
aim - to facilitate orderly international emigration and immigration
members - (52) Albania, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria,
Bangladesh, Belgium, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia,
Cyprus, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Hungary, Israel, Italy,
Japan, Kenya, South Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway,
Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Sri Lanka,
Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Uganda, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Zambia
observers - (44) Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cape
Verde, Czech Republic, Federation of Ethnic Communities' Council of
Australia Inc., Georgia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Holy See, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Japan International Friendship and Welfare Foundation, Jordan,
Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Mexico, Moldova, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, NZ,
Niwano Peace Foundation, Partnership with the Children of the Third World,
Presiding Bishop's Fund for World Relief/Episcopal Church, Refugee Council
of Australia, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, Spain, Tajikistan, Turkey, Ukraine, UK,
Vietnam, Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe
-----
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
address - CP 56, 1 rue de Varembe, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 749 01 11
FAX - [41] (22) 733 34 30
established - NA February 1947
aim - to promote the development of international standards
members - (76 national standards organizations) Albania, Algeria,
Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil,
Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Libya, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia,
Morocco, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan,
Venezuela, Vietnam, Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe
correspondent members - (19) Bahrain, Barbados, Brunei, Estonia, Hong Kong,
Jordan, Kuwait, Lithuania, Malawi, Malta, Mauritius, Nepal, Oman, Papua New
Guinea, Peru, Qatar, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE
subscriber members - (4) Antigua and Barbuda, Burundi, Grenada, Saint Lucia
-----
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)
address - CICR, 19 Av de la Paix, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 734 60 01
FAX - [41] (22) 733 20 57
established - NA 1928
aim - to promote worldwide humanitarian aid through the International
Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in wartime, and International Federation
of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS; formerly League of Red
Cross and Red Crescent Societies or LORCS) in peacetime
National Societies - (161 countries) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola,
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain,
Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil,
Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde,
Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica,
Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji,
Finland, France, Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North
Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali,
Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,
Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines,
Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and
Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri
Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda,
Ukraine, UAR, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa,
Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
address - Place des Nations, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 730 51 11
FAX - [41] (22) 733 72 56
established - 9 December 1932
effective - 1 January 1934
affiliated with the UN - 15 November 1947
aim - to deal with world telecommunications issues; UN specialized agency
members - (184) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and
Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan,
Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria,
Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica,
Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,
Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan,
Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos,
Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated
States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,
Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway,
Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines,
Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia,
South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden,
Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US,
Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen,
Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (INTELSAT)
address - INTELSAT, 3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008-3098,
telephone - [1] (202) 944 6800
FAX - [1] (202) 944 7860
established - 20 August 1971
effective - 12 February 1973
aim - to develop and operate a global commercial telecommunications
satellite system
members - (134) Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia,
Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados,
Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Brazil, Brunei, Burkina, Cameroon, Canada,
Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo,
Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland,
France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti, Holy See,
Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel,
Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait,
Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of
Micronesia, Monaco, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ,
Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New
Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,
Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US,
Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
nonsignatory users - (50) Albania, Antigua and Barbuda, Belarus, Belize,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Bulgaria, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,
Comoros, Cook Islands, Cuba, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Gambia,
Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Kiribati, North Korea, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho,
Liberia, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Maldives,
Malta, Marshall Islands, Moldova, Mongolia, Nauru, Niue, Sao Tome and
Principe, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Tajikistan, Tonga,
Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Ukraine, Vanuatu, Western Samoa
-----
Islamic Development Bank (IDB)
address - P.O. Box 5925, Jeddah 21432, Saudi Arabia
telephone - [966] (2) 6361400
FAX - [966] (2) 6366871
established - 15 December 1973
aim - to promote Islamic economic aid and social development
members - (48 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan,
Albania, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Brunei, Burkina,
Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Gabon, The Gambia, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon,
Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Oman,
Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan,
Syria, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, Yemen,
Palestine Liberation Organization
-----
Latin American Economic System (LAES)
note - also known as Sistema Economico Latinoamericana (SELA)
address - SELA, Avda Francisco de Miranda, Torre Europa, piso 4, Chacaito,
Apartado de Correos 17035, Caracas 1010-A, Venezuela
telephone - [58] (2) 905 5111
FAX - [58] (2) 951 6953, 951 7246
established - 17 October 1975
aim - to promote economic and social development through regional
cooperation
members - (27) Argentina, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile,
Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador,
Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela
-----
Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)
note - also known as Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion (ALADI)
address - Calle Cebollati 1461, Casilla de Correo 577, 11000 Montevideo,
Uruguay
telephone - [598] (2) 40 11 21, 49 59 15
FAX - [598] (2) 49 06 49
established - 12 August 1980
effective - 18 March 1981
aim - to promote freer regional trade
members - (11) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador,
Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela
observers - (16) Commission of the European Communities, Costa Rica, Cuba,
Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Inter-American
Development Bank, Italy, Nicaragua, Organization of American States,
Panama, Portugal, Spain, United Nations Development Program, United Nations
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
-----
League of Arab States (LAS)
see Arab League (AL)
-----
League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (LORCS)
see International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
(IFRCS)
-----
least developed countries (LLDCs)
that subgroup of the less developed countries (LDCs) initially identified
by the UN General Assembly in 1971 as having no significant economic
growth, per capita GDPs normally less than $1,000, and low literacy rates;
also known as the undeveloped countries. The 42 LLDCs are: Afghanistan,
Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Botswana, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cape Verde,
Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Ethiopia, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati,
Laos, Lesotho, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Nepal,
Niger, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan,
Tanzania, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Vanuatu, Western Samoa, Yemen
-----
less developed countries (LDCs)
the bottom group in the hierarchy of developed countries (DCs), former
USSR/Eastern Europe (former USSR/EE), and less developed countries (LDCs);
mainly countries and dependent areas with low levels of output, living
standards, and technology; per capita GDPs are generally below $5,000 and
often less than $1,500; however, the group also includes a number of
countries with high per capita incomes, areas of advanced technology, and
rapid rates of growth; includes the advanced developing countries,
developing countries, Four Dragons (Four Tigers), least developed countries
(LLDCs), low-income countries, middle-income countries, newly
industrializing economies (NIEs), the South, Third World, underdeveloped
countries, undeveloped countries; the 172 LDCs are: Afghanistan, Algeria,
American Samoa, Angola, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba,
The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Botswana, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Burkina, Burma, Burundi,
Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, Colombia, Comoros,
Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Falkland Islands, Fiji, French Guiana, French
Polynesia, Gabon, The Gambia, Gaza Strip, Ghana, Gibraltar, Greenland,
Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guatemala, Guernsey, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica,
Jersey, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos,
Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Macau, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Maldives, Mali, Isle of Man, Marshall Islands, Martinique, Mauritania,
Mauritius, Mayotte, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Montserrat,
Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands Antilles, New
Caledonia, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern
Mariana Islands, Oman, Palau, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay,
Peru, Philippines, Pitcairn Islands, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Reunion, Rwanda,
Saint Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and
Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi
Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands,
Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Taiwan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Tokelau, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turks and
Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, UAE, Uganda, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Virgin Islands, Wallis and Futuna, West Bank, Western Sahara, Western
Samoa, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
low-income countries
another term for those less developed countries with below-average per
capita GDPs; see less developed countries (LDCs)
-----
London Suppliers Group
see Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
-----
Mercado Comun del Cono Sur (MERCOSUR)
see Southern Cone Common Market
-----
middle-income countries
another term for those less developed countries with above-average per
capita GDPs; see less developed countries (LDCs)
-----
Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)
established - April 1987
aim - to arrest missile proliferation by controlling the export of key
missile technologies and equipment
members - (25) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
UK, US
-----
Near Abroad
the 14 non-Russian successor states of the USSR, in which 25 million ethnic
Russians live and in which Moscow has expressed a strong national security
interest
-----
newly industrializing countries (NICs)
former term for the newly industrializing economies; see newly
industrializing economies (NIEs)
-----
newly industrializing economies (NIEs)
that subgroup of the less developed countries (LDCs) that has experienced
particularly rapid industrialization of their economies; formerly known as
the newly industrializing countries (NICs); also known as advanced
developing countries; usually includes the Four Dragons (Hong Kong, South
Korea, Singapore, Taiwan), and Brazil
-----
Nonaligned Movement (NAM)
address - c/o Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Jalan Taman Pejambon 6, Jakarta
PUSAT, Indonesia
established - 1-6 September 1961
aim - to establish political and military cooperation apart from the
traditional East or West blocs
members - (110 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan,
Algeria, Angola, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin,
Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brunei, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia,
Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt,
Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq,
Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho,
Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal,
Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru,
Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi
Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Somalia, South
Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand,
Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, UAE, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu,
Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Palestine
Liberation Organization
observers - (19) Afro-Asian Solidarity Organization, Antigua and Barbuda,
Arab League, Armenia, Brazil, China, Costa Rica, Croatia, Dominica, El
Salvador, Kanaka Socialist National Liberation Front (New Caledonia),
Mexico, Mongolia, Organization of African Unity, Organization of the
Islamic Conference, Papua New Guinea, Socialist Party of Puerto Rico, UN,
Uruguay
guests - (21) Australia, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada,
Dominican Republic, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Netherlands, NZ,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland
-----
Nordic Council (NC)
address - Tyrgatan 7, Box 19506, S-104 32 Stockholm, Sweden
telephone - [46] (8) 453 47 00
FAX - [46] (8) 411 75 36
established - 16 March 1952
effective - 12 February 1953
aim - to promote regional economic, cultural, and environmental cooperation
members - (5) Denmark (including Faroe Islands and Greenland), Finland
(including Aland Islands), Iceland, Norway, Sweden
observers - the Sami (Lapp) local parliaments of Finland, Norway, and
Sweden
-----
Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)
address - Fabiansgatan 34, PB 249 SF-00171 Helsinki, Finland
telephone - [358] (0) 18001
FAX - [358] (0) 1800309
established - 4 December 1975
effective - 1 June 1976
aim - to promote economic cooperation and development
members - (5) Denmark (including Faroe Islands and Greenland), Finland
(including Aland Islands), Iceland, Norway, Sweden
-----
North
a popular term for the rich industrialized countries generally located in
the northern portion of the Northern Hemisphere; the counterpart of the
South; see developed countries (DCs)
-----
North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)
note - an extension of NATO
address - c/o NATO, B-1110 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 728 41 11
FAX - [32] (2) 728 45 79
established - 8 November 1991
effective - 20 December 1991
aim - to discuss cooperation on mutual political and security issues
members - (38) Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US,
Uzbekistan
observer - (1) Finland
-----
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
address - B-110 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 728 41 11
FAX - [32] (2) 728 45 79
established - 17 September 1949
aim - to promote mutual defense and cooperation
members - (16) Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland,
Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, UK, US
-----
Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)
address - Le Seine St. Germain, 12 bd des Iles, F-92130 Issy-les-
Moulineaux, France
telephone - [33] (1) 45 24 10 10
FAX - [33] (1) 45 24 11 10
established - NA 1958
aim - to promote the peaceful uses of nuclear energy; associated with OECD
members - (23) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US
-----
Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
note - also known as the London Suppliers Group
address - c/o IAEA, Wagramerstrasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
telephone - [43] (1) 2360 2045
FAX - [43] (1) 234564
established - 1974
aim - to establish guidelines for exports of technical information,
processing equipment for uranium enrichment and nuclear materials to
countries of proliferation concern and regions of conflict and instability
members - (28) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland,
Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US
observers - (2) Argentina, European Commission
-----
Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la America Latina
y el Caribe (OPANAL)
see Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the
Caribbean (OPANAL)
-----
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
address - 2 rue Andre Pascal, F-75775 Paris CEDEX 16, France
telephone - [33] (1) 45 24 82 00
FAX - [33] (1) 45 24 85 00, 45 24 81 76
established - 14 December 1960
effective - 30 September 1961
aim - to promote economic cooperation and development
members - (25) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg,
Mexico, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey, UK, US
special member - (1) EU
-----
Organization of African Unity (OAU)
address - P. O. Box 3243, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
telephone - [251] (1) 517700
FAX - [251] (1) 512622
established - 25 May 1963
aim - to promote unity and cooperation among African states
members - (53) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi,
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote
d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The
Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya,
Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia,
Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Sao Tome and
Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan,
Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
Organization of American States (OAS)
address - corner of 17th Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC
20006, USA
telephone - [1] (202) 458 3000
FAX [1] (202) 458 3967
established - 30 April 1948
effective - 13 December 1951
aim - to promote regional peace and security as well as economic and social
development
members - (35) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados,
Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba
(excluded from formal participation since 1962), Dominica, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,
Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname,
Trinidad and Tobago, US, Uruguay, Venezuela
observers - (31) Algeria, Angola, Austria, Belgium, Central American
Parliament, Commission of the European Communities, Cyprus, Egypt,
Equatorial Guinea, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Hungary,
India, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Morocco, Netherlands, Pakistan,
Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Switzerland,
Tunisia
-----
Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)
address - POB 20501, Safat 13066, Kuwait
telephone - [965] 5340713
FAX - [965] 5340694
established - 9 January 1968
aim - to promote cooperation in the petroleum industry
members - (10) Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Qatar, Saudi
Arabia, Syria, UAE
-----
Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)
address - P.O. Box 179, The Morne, Castries, St. Lucia
telephone - [1] (809) 452 2537
FAX - [1] (809) 453 1628
established - 18 June 1981
effective - 4 July 1981
aim - to promote political, economic, and defense cooperation
members - (7) Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, Saint
Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
associate member - (1) British Virgin Islands
-----
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
address - Obere Donaustrasse 93, A-1020 Vienna, Austria
telephone - [43] (1) 21 11 20
FAX - [43] (1) 26 43 20
established - 14 September 1960
aim - to coordinate petroleum policies
members - (12) Algeria, Gabon, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya,
Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Venezuela
-----
Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)
address - Kilo 6, Mecca Road, P.O. Box 178, Jeddah 21411, Saudi Arabia
telephone - [966] (2) 680-0800
FAX - [966] (2) 687-3568
established - 22-25 September 1969
aim - to promote Islamic solidarity in economic, social, cultural, and
political affairs
members - (48 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan,
Albania, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Brunei, Burkina,
Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Gabon, The Gambia, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon,
Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Oman,
Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan,
Syria, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, Yemen,
Palestine Liberation Organization
observers - (3) Kazakhstan, Mozambique, "Turkish Republic of Northern
Cyprus"
-----
Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
note - formerly the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE)
address - Thunovska 12, Mala Strana, 110 00 Prague 1, Czech Republic
telephone - [422] (2) 24311069
FAX - [422] (2) 24310629
established - 1 January 1995
aim - to discuss issues of mutual concern and to review implementation of
the Helsinki Agreement
members - (53) Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Holy See,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK,
US, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia (suspended)
Appendix 8
International Organizations
title
qCentral Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix C: International Organizations and Groups
-----
observer - (1) The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
-----
Paris Club
see Group of 10
-----
Partnership for Peace (PFP)
established - 10-11 January 1994
aim - to expand and intensify political and military cooperation throughout
Europe, increase stability, diminish threats to peace, and build
relationships by promoting the spirit of practical cooperation and
commitment to democratic principles that underpin NATO; program under the
auspices of NATO
members - (24) Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Czech
Republic, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Sweden, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
-----
Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
address - Peace Palace, Carnegieplein 2, NL-2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands
telephone - [31] (70) 346 96 80
FAX - [31] (70) 356 13 38
established - 29 July 1899
aim - to facilitate the settlement of international disputes
members - (80) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia,
Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China,
Colombia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Fiji, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel,
Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Malta,
Mauritius, Mexico, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Senegal,
Singapore, Slovakia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden,
Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela,
Zaire, Zimbabwe
-----
Population Commission
address - c/o ECOSOC, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 754 1234
established - 3 October 1946
aim - to deal with population matters of importance to the UN, as part of
Economic and Social Council organization
members - (27) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
Rio Group (RG)
note - formerly known as Grupo de los Ocho, established in December 1986
established - NA 1988
aim - to consult on regional Latin American issues
members - (11) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador,
Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela; note - Panama was expelled in
-----
Second World
another term for the traditionally Marxist-Leninist states of the USSR and
Eastern Europe, with authoritarian governments and command economies based
on the Soviet model; the term is fading from use; see centrally planned
economies
-----
Social Commission
see Commission for Social Development
-----
socialist countries
in general, countries in which the government owns and plans the use of the
major factors of production; note - the term is sometimes used incorrectly
as a synonym for Communist countries
-----
South
a popular term for the poorer, less industrialized countries generally
located south of the developed countries; the counterpart of the North; see
less developed countries (LDCs)
-----
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
address - P.O. Box 4222, Kathmandu, Nepal
telephone - [977] (1) 221785, 221787, 221794
FAX - [977] (1) 227033
established - 8 December 1985
aim - to promote economic, social, and cultural cooperation
members - (7) Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri
Lanka
-----
South Pacific Commission (SPC)
address - Anse Vata, BP D5 Noumea CEDEX, New Caledonia
telephone - [687] 26 20 00
FAX [687] 26 38 18
established - 6 February 1947
effective - 29 July 1948
aim - to promote regional cooperation in economic and social matters
members - (27) American Samoa, Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, France,
French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of
Micronesia, Nauru, New Caledonia, NZ, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands,
Palau, Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn Islands, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga,
Tuvalu, UK, US, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna, Western Samoa
-----
South Pacific Forum (SPF)
address - c/o forum Secretariat, Ratu Sukuna Road GPO Box 856, Suva, Fiji
telephone - [679] 312 600, 303 106
FAX - [679] 302 204
established - 5 August 1971
aim - to promote regional cooperation in political matters
members - (15) Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands,
Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, NZ, Niue, Papua New Guinea, Solomon
Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Western Samoa
observer - (1) Palau
-----
South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement (SPARTECA)
address - (see South Pacific Forum)
established - NA 1981
aim - to redress unequal trade relationship of Australia and New Zealand
with small island economies in Pacific region
members - (15) Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands,
Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, NZ, Niue, Papua New Guinea, Solomon
Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Western Samoa
-----
Southern African Customs Union (SACU)
address - Director General, Trade and Industry, Private Bag X84, Pretoria
0001, South Africa
established - 11 December 1969
aim - to promote free trade and cooperation in customs matters
members - (9) Bophuthatswana, Botswana, Ciskei, Lesotho, Namibia, South
Africa, Swaziland, Transkei, Venda
-----
Southern African Development Community (SADC)
note - evolved from the Southern African Development Coordination
Conference (SADCC)
address - Private Bag 008, Gaborone, Botswana
telephone - [267] (31) 51863, 51864, 51865
FAX - [267] (31) 372848
established - 17 August 1992
aim - to promote regional economic development and integration
members - (11) Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia,
South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
Southern Cone Common Market (MERCOSUR)
address - c/o Cancilleria de la Republica de Argentina, Buenos Aires,
Argentina
established - 26 March 1991
aim - to increase regional economic cooperation
members - (4) Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay
-----
Statistical Commission
address - c/o ECOSOC, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 758 2718
established - 21 June 1946
aim - to deal with development and standardization of national statistics
of interest to the UN, as part of the Economic and Social Council
organization
members - (24) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
Third World
another term for the less developed countries; the term is fading from use;
see less developed countries (LDCs)
-----
underdeveloped countries
refers to those less developed countries with the potential for above-
average economic growth; see less developed countries (LDCs)
-----
undeveloped countries
refers to those extremely poor less developed countries (LDCs) with little
prospect for economic growth; see least developed countries (LLDCs)
-----
Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale (UDEAC)
see Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)
-----
United Nations (UN)
address - United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 758 2718
established - 26 June 1945
effective - 24 October 1945
aim - to maintain international peace and security and to promote
cooperation involving economic, social, cultural and humanitarian problems
members - (184 excluding Yugoslavia) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria,
Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia,
Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus,
Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana,
Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,
Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia,
Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt,
El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland,
France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait,
Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova,
Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ,
Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New
Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,
Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands,
Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland,
Sweden, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago,
Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay,
Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia
(suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe; note - all UN members are represented
in the General Assembly
observers - (2 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Holy See,
Switzerland, Palestine Liberation Organization
-----
United Nations Angola Verification Mission (UNAVEM II)
note - successor to original UNAVEM
address - c/o United Nations, UNAVEM II, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 758 2718
established - 20 December 1988
aim - to verify the withdrawal of Cuban troops from Angola; established by
the UN Security Council
members - (16) Argentina, Brazil, Congo, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, India,
Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Slovakia,
Sweden, Zimbabwe
-----
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR)
established - 5 October 1993
aim - to monitor ceasefire agreement, to support and provide safe
conditions for displaced persons; established by the UN Security Council
members - (17) Austria, Bangladesh, Canada, Congo, Egypt, Fiji, Ghana,
Malawi, Mali, Nigeria, Poland, Russia, Senegal, Togo, Tunisia, Uruguay,
Zimbabwe
-----
United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
note - acronym retained from the predecessor organization UN International
Children's Emergency Fund
address - UNICEF House, Three United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 326 7000
established - 11 December 1946
aim - to help establish child health and welfare services
members - (41) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
(UNCTAD)
address - Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 917 12 34, 907 12 34
FAX - [41] (22) 907 00 57
established - 30 December 1964
aim - to promote international trade
members - (187) all UN members plus Holy See, Switzerland, Tonga
-----
United Nations Development Program (UNDP)
address - One United National Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 906 5788, 906 500
FAX [1] (212) 906 5365
established - 22 November 1965
aim - to provide technical assistance to stimulate economic and social
development
members - (36) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)
address - c/o UNDOF, P.O. Box 5368, Damascus, Syrian AR
established - 31 May 1974
aim - to observe the 1973 Arab-Israeli ceasefire; established by the UN
Security Council
members - (4) Austria, Canada, Finland, Poland
-----
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
address - 7 place de Fontenoy, F-75700 Paris, France
telephone - [33] (1) 45 68 10 00
FAX - [33] (1) 45 67 16 90
established - 16 November 1945
effective - 4 November 1946
aim - to promote cooperation in education, science, and culture
members - (182) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and
Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan,
Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina,
Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African
Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa
Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France,
Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan,
Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco,
Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua,
Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea,
Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia,
Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria,
Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,
Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, Uruguay, Uzbekistan,
Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended),
Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members - (3) Aruba, British Virgin Islands, Netherlands Antilles
-----
United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)
address - One United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 906 5000
FAX - [1] (212) 826 2057
established - 15 December 1972
aim - to promote international cooperation on all environmental matters
members - (58) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
United Nations Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)
address - c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political
Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 4 March 1964
aim - to serve as a peacekeeping force between Greek Cypriots and Turkish
Cypriots in Cyprus; established by the UN Security Council
members - (8) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland,
Ireland, UK
-----
United Nations General Assembly
address - see United Nations
established - 26 June 1945
effective - 24 October 1945
aim - to function as the primary deliberative organ of the UN
members - (185) all UN members are represented in the General Assembly
-----
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
address - Vienna International Center, P.O. Box 300, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
telephone - [43] (1) 211 310
FAX - [43] (1) 23 21 56
established - 17 November 1966
effective - 1 January 1967
aim - UN specialized agency that promotes industrial development especially
among the members
members - (166) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia,
Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus,
Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana,
Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde,
Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo,
Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,
Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland,
Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea,
Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova,
Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua,
Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay,
Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint
Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome
and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden,
Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay,
Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended),
Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR)
established - 11 December 1963
aim - to help the UN become more effective through training and research
members (Board of Trustees) - (24) Argentina, Belgium, Canada, China, Cote
d'Ivoire, France, Germany, India, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Libya, Mexico,
Netherlands, Norway, Pakistan, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia,
Uganda, UK, US, Yugoslavia
-----
United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)
address - c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political
Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 19 March 1978
aim - to confirm the withdrawal of Israeli forces, restore peace, and
reestablish Lebanese authority in southern Lebanon; established by the UN
Security Council
members - (9) Fiji, Finland, France, Ghana, Ireland, Italy, Nepal, Norway,
Poland
-----
United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM)
address - c/o UN Peace Keeping Mission, Office for Special Political
Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 9 April 1991
aim - to observe and monitor the demilitarized zone established between
Iraq and Kuwait; established by the UN Security Council
members - (33) Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Canada, China, Denmark,
Fiji, Finland, France, Ghana, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland,
Italy, Kenya, Malaysia, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Russia,
Senegal, Singapore, Sweden, Thailand, Turkey, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela
-----
United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)
address - c/o OUSGSPA, Room 3853, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 4457
FAX - [1] (212) 758 2718
established - 13 August 1948
aim - to observe the 1949 India-Pakistan ceasefire; established by the UN
Security Council
members - (8) Belgium, Chile, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Norway, Sweden,
Uruguay
-----
United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH)
established - 23 September 1993
aim - to assist in implementing the agreement to transfer power back into
the civilian government; established by the UN Security Council
members - (14) Algeria, Argentina, Austria, Canada, France, Indonesia,
Madagascar, Russia, Senegal, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia, US, Venezuela
-----
United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL)
established - 22 September 1993
aim - to assist in the implementation of the peace agreement; established
by the UN Security Council
members - (13) Austria, Bangladesh, China, Czech Republic, Egypt, Guinea-
Bissau, India, Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, Pakistan, Slovakia, Uruguay
-----
United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
(MINURSO)
address - c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political
Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 29 April 1991
aim - to supervise the referendum in Western Sahara; established by the UN
Security Council
members - (27) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Canada,
China, Egypt, France, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Honduras, Ireland,
Italy, Kenya, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, Russia, Switzerland,
Togo, Tunisia, US, Venezuela
-----
United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL)
address - c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political
Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 20 May 1991
aim - to verify ceasefire arrangements and to monitor the maintenance of
public order pending the organization of a new National Civil Police;
established by the UN Security Council
members - (14) Argentina, Austria, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, France,
Guyana, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, Spain, Sweden, Venezuela
-----
United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG)
address - c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political
Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 1993 for a period of six months
aim - to verify compliance with the cease-fire agreement reached 27 July
1993 and investigate reports of violations of that agreement; established
by the UN Security Council
members - (7) Bangladesh, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Sweden,
Switzerland
-----
United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR)
address - c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political
Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 1993 for six months
aim - to monitor the Uganda/Rwanda border to verify that no military
assistance reaches Rwanda across the border; established by the UN Security
Council
members - (8) Bangladesh, Botswana, Brazil, Hungary, Netherlands, Senegal,
Slovakia, Zimbabwe
-----
United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
address - Case postale 2500, Depot, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 739 81 11
FAX - [41] (22) 731 95 46
established - 3 December 1949
effective - 1 January 1951
aim - to ensure the humanitarian treatment of refugees and find permanent
solutions to refugee problems
members - (47) Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil,
Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Holy See, Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, Lebanon, Lesotho,
Madagascar, Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway,
Pakistan, Philippines, Somalia, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland,
Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UK, US, Venezuela, Yugoslavia,
Zaire
-----
United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)
note - supposed to shut down 31 January 1995
address - c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political
Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 16 December 1992
aim - to supervise the ceasefire; established by the UN Security Council
members - (27) Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Botswana, Brazil, Canada,
Cape Verde, China, Czech Republic, Egypt, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, India,
Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Malaysia, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
Russia, Spain, Sweden, US, Uruguay, Zambia
-----
United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM II)
note - UN peacekeepers left Somalia on 1 March 1995; some UN personnel
remain in Somalia engaged in humanitarian work
address - c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political
Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 24 April 1992
aim - to facilitate an immediate cessation of hostilities, to maintain a
ceasefire in order to promote a political settlement, and to provide urgent
humanitarian assistance; established by the UN Security Council
members - (14) Australia, Bangladesh, Botswana, Canada, Egypt, India,
Ireland, Malaysia, Nepal, NZ, Nigeria, Pakistan, Romania, Zimbabwe
-----
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
note - acronym retained from predecessor organization UN Fund for
Population Activities
address - 220 E. 42nd Street, 19th Floor, Room DN-1901, New York, NY 10017,
telephone - [1] (212) 297 5000
FAX - [1] (212) 557 6416
established - NA July 1967
aim - to assist both developed and developing countries to deal with their
population problems
members - (52) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR)
address - c/o UN Peace Keeping Mission, Office for Special Political
Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 963 4879
established - 28 February 1992
aim - to create conditions for peace and security required for the
negotiation of an overall settlement of the "Yugoslav" crisis; established
by the UN Security Council
members - (35) Argentina, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Colombia,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Ghana, Indonesia, Ireland,
Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan,
Poland, Portugal, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia,
Ukraine, UK, US, Venezuela
-----
United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near
East (UNRWA)
address - Vienna International Center, P. O. Box 700, A-1400 Vienna,
Austria
telephone - [43] (1) 211 31, ext. 4530
FAX - [43] (1) 230 7487
established - 8 December 1949
aim - to provide assistance to Palestinian refugees
members - (10) Belgium, Egypt, France, Japan, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria,
Turkey, UK, US
-----
United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD)
established - 1 July 1964
aim - to conduct research into the problems of economic development during
different phases of economic growth
members - no country members, but a Board of Directors consisting of a
chairman appointed by the UN secretary general and 10 individual members
-----
United Nations Secretariat
address - see United Nations
established - 26 June 1945
effective - 24 October 1945
aim - to serve as the primary administrative organ of the UN; a Secretary
General is appointed for a five-year term by the General Assembly on the
recommendation of the Security Council
members - the UN secretary general and staff
-----
United Nations Security Council
address - c/o United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone - [1] (212) 963 1234
FAX - [1] (212) 758 2718
established - 26 June 1945
effective - 24 October 1945
aim - to maintain international peace and security
permanent members - (5) China, France, Russia, UK, US
nonpermanent members - (10) elected for two-year terms by the UN General
Assembly; Argentina (1994-95), Brazil (1993-94), Czech Republic (1994-95),
Djibouti (1993-94), NZ (1993-94), Nigeria (1994-95), Oman (1994-95),
Pakistan (1993-94), Rwanda (1994-95), Spain (1993-94)
-----
United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC)
established by the UN Security Council on 28 February 1992 to contribute to
the restoration and maintenance of peace and to the holding of free
elections; disbanded sometime after the UN-supervised election in May 1993;
members were Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium,
Brunei, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Egypt, Fiji,
France, Germany, Ghana, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan,
Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway,
Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, Russia, Senegal, Singapore, Sweden,
Thailand, Tunisia, UK, US, Uruguay
-----
United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)
address - Government House, P.O. Box 490, Jerusalem, Israel
Appendix 9
International Organizations
title
7F7FCentral Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix C: International Organizations and Groups
-----
telephone - [972] (2) 734 223
established - NA May 1948
aim - to supervise the 1948 Arab-Israeli ceasefire and subsequently
extended to work in the Sinai, Lebanon, Jordan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan;
initially established by the UN Security Council
members - (19) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile,
China, Denmark, Finland, France, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, NZ, Norway,
Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, US
-----
United Nations Trusteeship Council
established on 26 June 1945, effective on 24 October 1945, to supervise the
administration of the 11 UN trust territories; members were China, France,
Russia, UK, US; its mandate ended on 1 October 1994 when the Trust
Territory of the Pacific Islands (Palau) became the Republic of Palau, a
self-governing territory in free association with the US
-----
United Nations University (UNU)
established - 6 December 1973
aim - to conduct research in development, welfare, and human survival and
to train scholars
members (associated institutes) - (32) Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh,
Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ethiopia, France,
Ghana, Guatemala, Hungary, Iceland, India, Japan, Kenya, South Korea,
Mexico, Netherlands, Nigeria, Philippines, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan,
Switzerland, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Venezuela
-----
Universal Postal Union (UPU)
address - Bureau International de l
UPU, Weltpoststrasse 4, CH-3000 Berne
15, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (31) 350 31 11
FAX - [41] (31) 350 31 10
established - 9 October 1874, affiliated with the UN 15 November 1947
effective - 1 July 1948
aim - to promote international postal cooperation; a UN specialized agency
members - (189) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain,
Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma,
Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire,
Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,
Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan,
Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos,
Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova,
Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands,
Netherlands Antilles, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Overseas
Territories of the UK, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao
Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria,
Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,
Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay,
Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia
(suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
------
Warsaw Pact (WP)
established 14 May 1955 to promote mutual defense; members met 1 July 1991
to dissolve the alliance; member states at the time of dissolution were
Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the USSR; earlier
members included East Germany and Albania
-----
West African Development Bank (WADB)
note - also known as Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement (BOAD)
address - BOAD, BP 1172, 68 av de la liberation, Lome, Togo
telephone - [228] 21 59 06, 21 42 44, 21 01 13
FAX - [228] 21 52 67, 21 72 69
established - 14 November 1973
aim - to promote regional economic development and integration
members - (7) Benin, Burkina, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal,
-----
West African Economic Community (CEAO)
note - acronym from Communaute Economique de l
Afrique de l
Ouest
established on 3 June 1972 to promote regional economic development; its
members were Benin, Burkina, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Mauritania, Niger,
Senegal; it was disbanded in 1994
-----
Western European Union (WEU)
address - Rue de la Regence 4, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 500 44 11
FAX - [32] (2) 511 35 19
established - 23 October 1954
effective - 6 May 1955
aim - to provide mutual defense and to move toward political unification
members - (10) Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, UK
associate members - (3) Iceland, Norway, Turkey
associate partners - (9) Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary,
Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia
observers - (2) Denmark, Ireland
-----
World Bank
see International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
-----
World Bank Group
includes International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD),
International Development Association (IDA), and International Finance
Corporation (IFC)
-----
World Confederation of Labor (WCL)
address - Rue de Treves 33, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium
telephone - [32] (2) 230 62 95
FAX - [32] (2) 230 87 22
established - 19 June 1920 as the International Federation of Christian
Trade Unions (IFCTU), renamed 4 October 1968
aim - to promote the trade union movement
members - (99 national organizations) Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Aruba, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia,
Bonaire Island, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde,
Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire,
Cuba, Curacao, Cyprus, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador,
France, French Guiana, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guadeloupe,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Iran,
Italy, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg,
Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Martinique, Mauritius, Mexico,
Montserrat, Namibia, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico,
Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Spain, Sri
Lanka, Suriname, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, UK, US,
Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
World Court
see International Court of Justice (ICJ)
-----
World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
address - Branicka 112, Branik, CS-14700 Prague 4, Czech Republic
telephone - [42] (2) 46 21 40
FAX - [42] (2) 46 13 78
established - 3 October 1945
aim - to promote the trade union movement
members - (116) Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Bolivia,
Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile,
Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, French Guiana, The Gambia, Ghana,
Greece, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti,
Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
North Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar,
Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Martinique, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia,
Mozambique, Nepal, New Caledonia, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman,
Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Puerto Rico, Reunion, Romania, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden,
Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Uganda, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zaire, Zimbabwe
-----
World Food Council (WFC)
address - c/o FAO, Via Terme di Caracalla, I-00100 Rome, Italy
telephone - [39] (6) 522821
FAX - [39] (6) 574 5091
established - 17 December 1974
aim - to study world food problems and to recommend solutions; ECOSOC
organization
members - (36) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
World Food Program (WFP)
address - Via Cristoforo Colombo 426, I-00145 Rome, Italy
telephone - [39] (6) 522821
FAX - [39] (6) 5123700, 5133537, 52282840
established - 24 November 1961
aim - to provide food aid in support of economic development or disaster
relief; an ECOSOC organization
members - (41) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
-----
World Health Organization (WHO)
address - CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 791 21 11, 791 32 23
FAX - [41] (22) 791 07 46
established - 22 July 1946
effective - 7 April 1948
aim - UN specialized agency concerned with health matters
members - (189) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain,
Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma,
Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica,
Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial
Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,
Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq,
Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia,
Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives,
Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated
States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,
Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niue, Niger, Nigeria, Norway,
Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines,
Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and
Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri
Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan,
Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended),
Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members - (2) Puerto Rico, Tokelau
-----
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
address - 34 chemin des Colombettes, Case Postale 18, CH-1211 Geneva 20,
Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 730 9111
FAX - [41] (22) 733 5428
established - 14 July 1967
effective - 26 April 1970
aim - to furnish protection for literary, artistic, and scientific works; a
UN specialized agency
members - (147) Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia,
Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Benin,
Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina,
Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,
Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Fiji, Finland,
France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India,
Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives,
Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia,
Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Norway, Pakistan,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,
Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra
Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri
Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda,
Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen,
Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
address - Case Postale 2300, 41 Av Giuseppe-Motta, CH-1211 Geneva 2,
Switzerland
telephone - [41] (22) 730 81 11
FAX - [41] (22) 734 23 26
established - 11 October 1947
effective - 4 April 1951
aim - to sponsor meteorological cooperation; a specialized UN agency
members - (175) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain,
Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana,
Brazil, British Caribbean Territories, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma,
Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire,
Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia,
Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, French Polynesia, Gabon, The Gambia,
Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana,
Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq,
Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North
Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands,
Netherlands Antilles, New Caledonia, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway,
Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines,
Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Sao Tome and
Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri
Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu,
Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-----
World Tourism Organization (WTO or WToO)
address - Calle Capitan Haya 41, 28020 Madrid, Spain
telephone - [34] (1) 571 06 28
FAX - [34] (1) 571 37 33
established - 2 January 1975
aim - to promote tourism as a means of contributing to economic
development, international understanding, and peace
members - (121) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Austria,
Bangladesh, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil,
Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Chile, China,
Colombia, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Finland, France,
Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq,
Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea,
South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Madagascar,
Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico,
Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,
Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,
Rwanda, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra
Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Switzerland, Syria,
Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, US, Uruguay,
Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire,
Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members - (4) Aruba, Macau, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico
observer - (1) Holy See
-----
World Trade Organization (WTrO)
will be added in The World Factbook 1996
-----
Zangger Committee (ZC)
established - early 1970s
aim - to establish guidelines for the export control provisions of the
nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
members - (29) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland,
Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Russia, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US
Appendix 10
Abbreviations for Selected International Environmental Agreements
title
Central Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix D: Abbreviations for Selected International Environmental
Agreements
A Air Pollution
Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides
Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or
Their Transboundary Fluxes
Air Pollution-Sulphur 85
Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or their Transboundary
Fluxes by at least 30%
Air Pollution-Sulphur 94
Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions
Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds
Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic
Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol
Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty
B Biodiversity
Convention on Biological Diversity
C Climate Change
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
D Desertification
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries
Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in
Africa
E Endangered Species
Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of
Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)
Environmental Modification
Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of
Environmental Modification Techniques
H Hazardous Wastes
Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of
Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
L Law of the Sea
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)
M Marine Dumping
Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and
Other Matter; note - also known as the London Convention
Marine Life Conservation
Convention on Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources of the High
Seas
N Nuclear Test Ban
Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer
Space, and Under Water
O Ozone Layer Protection
Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
S Ship Pollution
Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the
Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)
T Tropical Timber 83
International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983
Tropical Timber 94
International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994
W Wetlands
Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As
Waterfowl Habitat; note - also known as Ramsar
Whaling
International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
Note: Not all of the selected international environmental agreements have
abbreviations.
Appendix 11
Selected International Environmental Agreements
title
/s/sCentral Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix E: Selected International Environmental Agreements
Air Pollution
see Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
-----
Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides
see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or
Their Transboundary Fluxes
-----
Air Pollution-Sulphur 85
see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or their Transboundary
Fluxes by at least 30%
-----
Air Pollution-Sulphur 94
see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions
Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds
see Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic
Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes
-----
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol
see Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty
-----
Antarctic Treaty
opened for signature - 1 December 1959
entered into force - 23 June 1961
objective - to ensure that Antarctica is used for peaceful purposes,
such as, for international cooperation in scientific research, and that
it does not become the scene or object of international discord
parties - (42) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil,
Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cuba, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary,
India, Italy, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Netherlands, New
Zealand, Norway, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Poland, Romania, Russia,
Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United
Kingdom, United States, Uruguay
-----
Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous
Wastes and Their Disposal
note - abbreviated as Hazardous Wastes
opened for signature - 22 March 1989
entered into force - 5 May 1992
objective - to reduce transboundary movements of wastes subject to the
Convention to a minimum consistent with the environmentally sound and
efficient management of such wastes; to minimize the amount and
toxicity of wastes generated and ensure their environmentally sound
management as closely as possible to the source of generation; and to
assist LDCs in environmentally sound management of the hazardous and
other wastes they generate
parties - (81) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The
Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China,
Comoros, Cote d
Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, European Union, Finland, France,
Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan,
Jordan, South Korea, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Liechtenstein,
Luxembourg, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco,
Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia,
South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania,
Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom,
Uruguay, Zaire, Zambia
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (9) Afghanistan,
Bolivia, Colombia, Germany, Guatemala, Haiti, Thailand, United States,
Venezuela
-----
Biodiversity
see Convention on Biological Diversity
-----
Convention on Biological Diversity
note - abbreviated as Biodiversity
opened for signature - 5 June 1992
entered into force - 29 December 1993
objective - to develop national strategies for the conservation and
sustainable use of biological diversity
parties - (111) Albania, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia,
Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize,
Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Burkina, Burma, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Chile,
China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d
Ivoire,
Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Ecuador, Egypt, El
Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, European Union, Fiji,
Finland, France, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,
Guinea, Guyana, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea,
Lebanon, Lesotho, Luxembourg, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall
Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Monaco,
Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway,
Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines,
Portugal, Romania, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, San Marino,
Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, Uganda, United Kingdom,
Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Zaire, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (64) Afghanistan,
Algeria, Angola, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belgium, Bhutan, Botswana,
Bulgaria, Burundi, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Congo,
Croatia, Cyprus, Dominican Republic, Gabon, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau,
Haiti, Honduras, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Kuwait, Latvia, Liberia, Libya,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Madagascar, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Moldova,
Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nicaragua, Niger, Oman, Poland, Qatar,
Russia, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Singapore, Slovenia, Solomon
Islands, South Africa, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand,
Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Arab
Emirates, United States, Yemen, former Yugoslavia
-----
Climate Change
see United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
-----
Convention on Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources of the High
note - abbreviated as Marine Life Conservation
opened for signature - 29 April 1958
entered into force - 20 March 1966
objective - to solve through international cooperation the problems
involved in the conservation of living resources of the high seas,
considering that because of the development of modern technology some
of these resources are in danger of being overexploited
parties - (37) Australia, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burkina,
Cambodia, Colombia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Fiji, Finland, France,
Haiti, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Mauritius, Mexico, Netherlands, Nigeria, Portugal, Senegal, Sierra
Leone, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, Thailand,
Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, United Kingdom, United States,
Venezuela, former Yugoslavia
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (21) Afghanistan,
Argentina, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ghana, Iceland, Indonesia, Iran,
Ireland, Israel, Lebanon, Liberia, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan,
Panama, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Canada signed on behalf of Taiwan), Tunisia,
Uruguay
-----
Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
note - abbreviated as Air Pollution
opened for signature - 13 November 1979
entered into force - 16 March 1983
objective - to protect the human environment against air pollution and
to gradually reduce and prevent air pollution, including long-range
transboundary air pollution
parties - (39) Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, European
Union, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States,
former Yugoslavia
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (2) Holy See, San
Marino
-----
Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild
Flora and Fauna (CITES)
note - abbreviated as Endangered Species
opened for signature - 3 March 1973
entered into force - 1 July 1975
objective - to protect certain endangered species from overexploitation
by means of a system of import/export permits
parties - (130) Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria,
The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia,
Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada,
Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo,
Costa Rica, Cote d
Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,
Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana,
Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan,
Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Liechtenstein, Liberia,
Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritius,
Mexico, Monaco, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New
Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New
Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,
Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia,
Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden,
Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,
Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States,
Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (5) Cambodia,
Ireland, Kuwait, Lesotho, Vietnam
-----
Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and
Other Matter (London Convention)
note - abbreviated as Marine Dumping
opened for signature - 29 December 1972
entered into force - 30 August 1975
objective - to control pollution of the sea by dumping and to encourage
regional agreements supplementary to the Convention
parties - (76) Afghanistan, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia,
Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil,
Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia,
Cuba, Cyprus, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, European Union,
Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya,
Kiribati, Libya, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Morocco, Nauru,
Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Panama, Papua New
Guinea, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Saint Lucia, Seychelles,
Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Suriname, Sweden,
Switzerland, Tunisia, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United
Kingdom, United States, Vanuatu, former Yugoslavia, Zaire
-----
Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of
Environmental Modification Techniques
note - abbreviated as Environmental Modification
opened for signature - 10 December 1976
entered into force - 5 October 1978
objective - to prohibit the military or other hostile use of
environmental modification techniques in order to further world peace
and trust among nations
parties - (63) Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina,
Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Brazil,
Bulgaria, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Dominica, Egypt, Finland, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala,
Hungary, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, North Korea, South Korea,
Kuwait, Laos, Malawi, Mauritius, Mongolia, Netherlands, New Zealand,
Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Romania, Russia,
Saint Lucia, Sao Tome and Principe, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Spain,
Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, Ukraine, United Kingdom,
United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (17) Bolivia,
Ethiopia, Holy See, Iceland, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Liberia, Luxembourg,
Morocco, Nicaragua, Portugal, Sierra Leone, Syria, Turkey, Uganda,
Zaire
-----
Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As
Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar)
note - abbreviated as Wetlands
opened for signature - 2 February 1971
entered into force - 21 December 1975
objective - to stem the progressive encroachment on and loss of
wetlands now and in the future, recognizing the fundamental ecological
functions of wetlands and their economic, cultural, scientific, and
recreational value
parties - (83) Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria,
Bangladesh, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Canada, Chad,
Chile, China, Costa Rica, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador,
Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Lesotho,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mexico, Morocco,
Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New
Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Senegal,
Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden,
Switzerland, Trinadad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, United
Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, former Yugoslavia,
Zambia
-----
Desertification
see United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those
Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification,
Particularly in Africa
-----
Endangered Species
see Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild
Flora and Fauna (CITES)
-----
Environmental Modification
see Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use
of Environmental Modification Techniques
-----
Hazardous Wastes
see Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of
Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
-----
International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
note - abbreviated as Whaling
opened for signature - 2 December 1946
entered into force - 10 November 1948
objective - to protect all species of whales from overfishing; to
establish a system of international regulation for the whale fisheries
to ensure proper conservation and development of whale stocks; and to
safeguard for future generations the great natural resources
represented by whale stocks
parties - (39) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Brazil,
Chile, China, Costa Rica, Denmark, Dominica, Finland, France, Germany,
Grenada, India, Ireland, Japan, Kenya, South Korea, Mexico, Monaco,
Netherlands (Netherlands also extended the convention to Netherlands
Antilles), New Zealand, Norway, Oman, Peru, Russia, Saint Kitts and
Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal,
Seychelles (withdrawing effective 30 June 1995), Solomon Islands, South
Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States,
Venezuela
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (1) Austria
former parties - (10) Belize, Canada, Ecuador, Egypt, Iceland, Jamaica,
Mauritius, Panama, Philippines, Uruguay
-----
International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983
note - abbreviated as Tropical Timber 83
opened for signature - 18 November 1983
entered into force - 1 April 1985; this agreement will expire when the
International Tropical Timber Ageement, 1994 goes into force
objective - to provide an effective framework for cooperation between
tropical timber producers and consumers and to encourage the
development of national policies aimed at sustainable utilization and
conservation of tropical forests and their genetic resources
parties - (52) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Burma,
Cameroon, Canada, China, Colombia, Congo, Cote d
Ivoire, Denmark,
Ecuador, Egypt, European Union, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana,
Greece, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan,
South Korea, Liberia, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Nepal, Netherlands, New
Zealand, Norway, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Portugal,
Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and
Tobago, United Kingdom, United States, Zaire
-----
International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994
note - abbreviated as Tropical Timber 94
opened for signature - 26 January 1994, but not yet in force
objective - to ensure that by the year 2000 exports of tropical timber
originate from sustainably managed sources; to establish a fund to
assist tropical timber producers in obtaining the resources necessary
to reach this objective
parties - (3) Fiji, Japan, Liberia
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (11) Cameroon,
Congo, Ecuador, Egypt, Gabon, Indonesia, Norway, Panama, Peru, Togo,
United States
-----
Law of the Sea
see United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)
-----
Marine Dumping
see Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes
and Other Matter (London Convention)
-----
Marine Life Conservation
see Convention on Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources of the
High Seas
-----
Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
note - abbreviated as Ozone Layer Protection
opened for signature - 16 September 1987
entered into force - 1 January 1989
objective - to protect the ozone layer by controling emissions of
substances that deplete it
parties - (148) Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia,
Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium,
Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei,
Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote
d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, European
Union, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana,
Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland,
India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lesotho,
Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta,
Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mozambique,
Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,
Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal (Portugal has also extended the protocol
to Macau), Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saudi
Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon
Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden,
Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago,
Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab
Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu,
Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, former Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (1) Morocco
-----
Nuclear Test Ban
see Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer
Space, and Under Water
-----
Ozone Layer Protection
see Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
-----
Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the
Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)
note - abbreviated as Ship Pollution
opened for signature - 17 February 1978
entered into force - 2 October 1983
objective - to preserve the marine environment through the complete
elimination of pollution by oil and other harmful substances and the
minimization of accidental discharge of such substances
parties - (91) Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia,
Austria, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria,
Burma, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cote d'Ivoire,
Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Ecuador,
Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany,
Ghana, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy,
Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Latvia,
Lebanon, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Marshall Islands,
Mexico, Monaco, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama,
Papua New Guinea, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia,
South Africa, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Togo,
Tunisia, Turkey, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States,
Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, former Yugoslavia
-----
Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty
note - abbreviated as Antarctic-Environmental Protocol
opened for signature - 4 October 1991, but not yet in force
objective - to enhance the protection of the Antarctic environment and
dependent and associated ecosystems
parties - (14) Argentina, Australia, Chile, China, Ecuador, France,
Germany, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Spain, Sweden, Uruguay
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (27) Austria,
Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Colombia, Cuba, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan,
North Korea, South Korea, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Romania, Russia,
Slovakia, South Africa, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States
-----
Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or
Their Transboundary Fluxes
note - abbreviated as Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides
opened for signature - 31 October 1988
entered into force - 14 February 1991
objective - to provide for the control or reduction of nitrogen oxides
and their transboundary fluxes
parties - (25) Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic,
Denmark, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland,
Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Russia,
Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United
States
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (3) Belgium, Greece,
Poland
-----
Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic
Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes
note - abbreviated as Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds
opened for signature - 18 November 1991, but not yet in force
objective - to provide for the control and reduction of emissions of
volatile organic compounds in order to reduce their transboundary
fluxes so as to protect human health and the environment from adverse
effects
parties - (11) Austria, Finland, Germany, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (12) Belgium,
Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, European Union, France, Greece, Hungary,
Italy, Portugal, Ukraine, United States
-----
Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions
note - abbreviated as Air Pollution-Sulphur 94
opened for signature - 14 June 1994, but not yet in force
objective - to provide for a further reduction in sulfur emissions or
transboundary fluxes
parties - (0)
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (28) Austria,
Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, European
Union, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy,
Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom
-----
Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or their Transboundary
Fluxes by at least 30%
note - abbreviated as Air Pollution-Sulphur 85
opened for signature - 8 July 1985
entered into force - 2 September 1987
objective - to provide for a 30% reduction in sulfur emissions or
transboundary fluxes by 1993
parties - (21) Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy,
Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Russia, Slovakia,
Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine
-----
Ship Pollution
see Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the
Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)
-----
Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space,
and Under Water
note - abbreviated as Nuclear Test Ban
opened for signature - 5 August 1963
entered into force - 10 October 1963
objective - to obtain an agreement on general and complete disarmament
under strict international control in accordance with the objectives of
the United Nations; to put an end to the armaments race and eliminate
incentives for the production and testing of all kinds of weapons,
including nuclear weapons
parties - (125) Afghanistan, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia,
Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Benin,
Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria,
Burma, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile,
China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Finland, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana,
Greece, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico,
Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger,
Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines,
Poland, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, San Marino, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri
Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Uganda, United Kingdom, United States, Ukraine, Uruguay, Venezuela,
Western Samoa, Yemen, former Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (11) Algeria,
Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Haiti, Mali, Paraguay, Portugal,
Somalia, Vietnam
-----
Tropical Timber 83
see International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983
-----
Tropical Timber 94
see International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)
note - abbreviated as Law of the Sea
opened for signature - 10 December 1982
entered into force - 16 November 1994
objective - to set up a comprehensive new legal regime for the sea and
oceans; to include rules concerning environmental standards as well as
enforcement provisions dealing with pollution of the marine environment
parties - (72) Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Barbados, Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil,
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Comoros, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus,
Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Fiji, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Grenada,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Iceland, Indonesia, Iraq,
Italy, Jamaica, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated
States of Micronesia, Namibia, Nigeria, Oman, Paraguay, Philippines,
Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago,
Tunisia, Uganda, Uruguay, Vietnam, Yemen, former Yugoslavia, Zaire,
Zambia, Zimbabwe
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (91) Afghanistan,
Algeria, Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Benin,
Bhutan, Bolivia, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,
Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo,
Cook Islands, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, European Union, Finland, France, Gabon,
Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Hungary, India, Iran, Ireland, Japan, North
Korea, South Korea, Laos, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein,
Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritania, Monaco,
Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand,
Nicaragua, Niger, Niue, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea,
Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia,
Slovakia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Suriname, Swaziland,
Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates,
Vanuatu, Western Samoa
-----
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries
Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in
Africa
Appendix 12
Selected International Environmental Agreements
title
Central Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix E: Selected International Environmental Agreements
note - abbreviated as Desertification
opened for signature - 14 October 1994, but not yet in force
objective - to combat desertification and mitigate the effects of
drought through national action programs that incorporate long-term
strategies supported by international cooperation and partnership
arrangements
parties - (1) Mexico
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (104) Algeria,
Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Bangladesh,
Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada,
Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia,
Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d
Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Denmark,
Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia,
European Union, Finland, France, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana,
Greece, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran,
Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea,
Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Malta,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Micronesia, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia,
Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama,
Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Spain,
Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Uganda, United Kingdom, United States, Uzbekistan, Zaire,
Zambia, Zimbabwe; note - some late changes not included under country
entries
-----
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
note - abbreviated as Climate Change
opened for signature - 9 May 1992
entered into force - 21 March 1994
objective - to achieve stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations
in the atmosphere at a low enough level to prevent dangerous
anthropogenic interference with the climate system
parties - (119) Albania, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina,
Armenia, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina, Burma,
Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Chile, China, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa
Rica, Cote d
Ivoire, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Ecuador,
Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, European Union, Fiji, Finland, France,
Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Grenada, Guinea, Guyana, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Liechtenstein,
Luxembourg, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Monaco,
Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway,
Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, San
Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Slovakia, Solomon Islands,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Trinidad and
Tobago, Tunisia, Tuvulu, Uganda, United Kingdom, United States,
Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Zaire,
Zambia, Zimbabwe
countries that have signed, but not yet ratified - (54) Afghanistan,
Angola, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bhutan, Bulgaria, Burundi, Cape
Verde, Central African Republic, Colombia, Congo, Croatia, Cyprus,
Djibouti, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Gabon, Ghana, Guatemala,
Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Iran, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kiribati,
Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Madagascar, Moldova,
Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nicaragua, Niger, Oman, Panama, Rwanda,
Sao Tome and Principe, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovenia, South Africa,
Suriname, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Ukraine, Yemen, former Yugoslavia
-----
Wetlands
see Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As
Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar)
-----
Whaling
see International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
Appendix 13
Weights and Measures
title
&Central Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix F: Weights and Measures
Mathematical Notation
Mathematical Power Name
10^18 or 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 one quintillion
10^15 or 1,000,000,000,000,000 one quadrillion
10^12 or 1,000,000,000,000 one trillion
10^9 or 1,000,000,000 one billion
10^6 or 1,000,000 one million
10^3 or 1,000 one thousand
10^2 or 100 one hundred
10^1 or 10 ten
10^0 or 1 one
10-^1 or 0.1 one-tenth
10-^2 or 0.01 one-hundredth
10-^3 or 0.001 one-thousandth
10-^6 or 0.000 001 one-millionth
10-^9 or 0.000 000 001 one-billionth
10-^12 or 0.000 000 000 001 one-trillionth
10-^15 or 0.000 000 000 000 001 one-quadrillionth
10-^18 or 0.000 000 000 000 000 00 one-quintillionth
Metric Interrelationships
Conversions from a multiple or submultiple to the basic units of meters,
liters, or grams can be done using the table. For example, to convert from
kilometers to meters, multiply by 1,000 (9.26 kilometers equals 9,260
meters) or to convert from meters to kilometers, multiply by 0.001 (9,260
meters equals 9.26 kilometers).
Prefix Symbol Length, weight,
or capacity Area Volume
exa E 10^18 10^36 10^54
peta P 10^15 10^30 10^45
tera T 10^12 10^24 10^36
giga G 10^9 10^18 10^27
mega M 10^6 10^12 10^18
hectokilo hk 10^5 10^10 10^15
myria ma 10^4 10^8 10^12
kilo k 10^3 10^6 10^9
hecto h 10^2 10^4 10^6
basic unit - 1 meter, 1 meter^2 1 meter^3
1 gram,
1 liter
deci d 10-^1 10-^2 10-^3
centi c 10-^2 10-^4 10-^6
milli m 10-^3 10-^6 10-^9
decimilli dm 10-^4 10-^8 10-^12
centimilli cm 10-^5 10-^10 10-^15
micro u 10-^6 10-^12 10-^18
nano n 10-^9 10-^18 10-^27
pico p 10-^12 10-^24 10-^36
femto f 10-^15 10-^30 10-^45
atto a 10-^18 10-^36 10-^54
Equivalents
Units Metric Equivalent US Equivalent
acre 0.404 685 64 hectares 43,560 feet^2
acre 4,046,856 4 meters^2 4,840 yards^2
acre 0.004 046 856 4 0.001 562 5 miles^2,
kilometers^2 statute
are 100 meters^2 119.599 yards^2
barrel
(petroleum, US) 158.987 29 liters 42 gallons
(proof spirits, US) 151.416 47 liters 40 gallons
(beer, US) 117.347 77 liters 31 gallons
bushel 35.239 07 liters 4 pecks
cable 219.456 meters 120 fathoms
chain (surveyor's) 20.116 8 meters 66 feet
cord (wood) 3.624 556 meters^3 128 feet^3
cup 0.236 588 2 liters 8 ounces, liquid (US)
degrees, Celsius (water boils at 100 multiply by 1.8 and add 32
degrees C, freezes at to obtain degrees F
0 degrees C)
degrees, Fahrenheit subtract 32 and divide water boils at 212 degrees
by 1.8 to obtain F, freezes at 32 degrees F)
degrees C
dram, avdp. 1.771 845 2 grams 0.0625 5 ounces, avdp.
dram, troy 3.887 934 6 grams 0.125 ounces, troy
dram, liquid (US) 3.696 69 milliliters 0.125 ounces, liquid
fathom 1.828 8 meters 6 feet
foot 30.48 centimeters 12 inches
foot 0.304 8 meters 0.333 333 3 yards
foot 0.000 304 8 kilometers 0.000 189 39 miles, statute
foot^2 929.030 4 centimeters^2 144 inches^2
foot^2 0.092 903 04 meters^2 0.111 111 1 yards^2
foot^3 28.316 846 592 liters 7.480 519 gallons
foot^3 0.028 316 847 meters^3 1,728 inches^3
furlong 201.168 meters 220 yards
gallon, liquid (US) 3.785 411 784 liters 4 quarts, liquid
gill (US) 118.294 118 milliliters 4 ounces, liquid
grain 64.798 91 milligrams 0.002 285 71 ounces, avdp.
gram 1,000 milligrams 0.035 273 96 ounces, avdp.
hand (height of horse) 10.16 centimeters 4 inches
hectare 10,000 meters^2 2.471 053 8 acres
hundredweight, long 50.802 345 kilograms 112 pounds, avdp.
hundredweight, short 45.359 237 kilograms 100 pounds, avdp.
inch 2.54 centimeters 0.083 333 33 feet
inch^2 6.451 6 centimeters^2 0.006 944 44 feet^2
inch^3 16.387 064 centimeters^3 0.000 578 7 feet^3
inch^3 16.387 064 milliliters 0.029 761 6 pints, dry
inch^3 16.387 064 milliliters 0.034 632 0 pints, liquid
kilogram 0.001 tons, metric 2.204 623 pounds, avdp.
kilometer 1,000 meters 0.621 371 19 miles, statute
kilometer^2 100 hectares 247.105 38 acres
kilometer^2 1,000,000 meters^2 0.386 102 16 miles^2,
statute
knot (1 nautical
mi/hr) 1.852 kilometers/hour 1.151 statute miles/hour
league, nautical 5.556 kilometers 3 miles, nautical
league, statute 4.828.032 kilometers 3 miles, statute
link (surveyor's) 20.116 8 centimeters 7.92 inches
liter 0.001 meters^3 61.023 74 inches^3
liter 0.1 dekaliter 0.908 083 quarts, dry
liter 1,000 milliliters 1.056 688 quarts, liquid
meter 100 centimeters 1.093 613 yards
meter^2 10,000 centimeters^2 1.195 990 yards^2
meter^3 1,000 liters 1.307 951 yards^3
micron 0.000 001 meter 0.000 039 4 inches
mil 0.025 4 millimeters 0.001 inch
mile, nautical 1.852 kilometers 1.150 779 4 miles, statute
mile^2, nautical 3.429 904 kilometers^2 1.325 miles^2, statute
mile, statute 1.609 344 kilometers 5,280 feet or 8 furlongs
mile^2, statute 258.998 811 hectares 640 acres or 1 section
mile^2, statute 2.589 988 11
kilometers^2 0.755 miles^2, nautical
minim (US) 0.061 611 52 milliliters 0.002 083 33 ounces, liquid
or one-sixtieth of a dram
ounce, avdp. 28.349 523 125 grams 437.5 grains
ounce, liquid (US) 29.573 53 milliliters 0.062 5 pints, liquid
ounce, troy 31.103 476 8 grams 480 grains
pace 76.2 centimeters 30 inches
peck 8.809 767 5 liters 8 quarts, dry
pennyweight 1.555 173 84 grams 24 grains
pint, dry (US) 0.550 610 47 liters 0.5 quarts, dry
pint, liquid (US) 0.473 176 473 liters 0.5 quarts, liquid
point (typographical) 0.351 459 8 millimeters 0.013 837 inches
pound, avdp 453.592 37 grams 16 ounces, avdp
pound, troy 373.241 721 6 grams 12 ounces, troy
quart, dry (US) 1.101 221 liters 2 pints, dry
quart, liquid (US) 0.946 352 946 liters 2 pints, liquid
quintal 100 kilograms 220.462 26 pounds, avdp.
rod 5.029 2 meters 5.5 yards
scruple 1.295 978 2 grams 20 grains
section (US) 2.589 988 1 kilometers^2 1 mile^2, statute
or 640 acres
span 22.86 centimeters 9 inches
stere 1 meter^3 1.307 95 yards^3
tablespoon 14.786 76 milliliters 3 teaspoons
teaspoon 4.928 922 milliliters 0.333 333 tablespoons
ton, long or
deadweight 1,016.046 909 kilograms 2,240 pounds, avdp.
ton, metric 1,000 kilograms 2,204.623 pounds, avdp.
ton, metric 1,000 kilograms 32,150.75 ounces, troy
ton, register 2.831 684 7 meters^3 100 feet^3
ton, short 907.184 74 kilograms 2,000 pounds, avdp.
township (US) 93.239 572 kilometers^2 36 miles^2, statute
yard 0.914 4 meters 3 feet
yard^2 0.836 127 36 meters^2 9 feet^2
yard^3 0.764 554 86 meters^3 27 feet^3
yard^3 764.554 857 984 liters 201.974 gallons
Appendix 14
Estimates of Gross Domestic Product on an Exchange Basis
title
=Central Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix G: Estimates of Gross Domestic Product on an Exchange Rate Basis
These estimates of gross domestic product on an exchange rate basis are
based on official data from national statistical offices.
Country Million US$ Year
Afghanistan --- ---
Albania --- ---
Algeria 46,823 1993
American Samoa --- ---
Andorra --- ---
Angola --- ---
Anguilla --- ---
Antigua and Barbuda 374 1992
Argentina --- ---
Armenia --- ---
Aruba --- ---
Australia 284,293 1993
Austria 181,367 1993
Azerbaijan --- ---
The Bahamas --- ---
Bahrain 3,903 1990
Bangladesh 23,957 1993
Barbados 1,574 1992
Belarus --- ---
Belgium 207,500 1993
Belize 524 1993
Benin 1,898 1991
Bermuda --- ---
Bhutan 245 1992
Bolivia 6,058 1991
Bosnia and Herzegovina --- ---
Botswana 3,702 1992
Brazil --- ---
British Virgin Islands --- ---
Brunei --- ---
Bulgaria --- ---
Burkina --- ---
Burma 55,073 1993
Burundi 923 1993
Cambodia --- ---
Cameroon 10,918 1992
Canada 551,645 1993
Cape Verde 286 1988
Cayman Islands --- ---
Central African Republic 1,339 1992
Chad 1,383 1992
Chile 43,684 1993
China 544,603 1993
Christmas Island --- ---
Cocos (Keeling) Islands --- ---
Colombia --- ---
Comoros 43,546 1992
Congo --- ---
Cook Island --- ---
Costa Rica 6,722 1992
Cote d'Ivoire 10,492 1992
Croatia --- ---
Cuba --- ---
Cyprus 6,700 1992
Czech Republic 31,664 1993
Denmark 135,998 1993
Djibouti 494 1990
Dominica 189 1992
Dominican Republic 8,796 1992
Ecuador 14,304 1993
Egypt 41,855 1992
El Salvador 7,625 1993
Equatorial Guinea 181 1992
Eritrea --- ---
Estonia --- ---
Ethiopia 3,362 1993
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) --- ---
Faroe Islands --- ---
Fiji 1,490 1991
Finland 83,795 1993
France 1,252,560 1993
French Guiana --- ---
French Polynesia --- ---
Gabon 5,913 1992
The Gambia 332 1992
Gaza Strip --- ---
Georgia --- ---
Germany 1,880,000 1993
Ghana 6,884 1992
Gibraltar --- ---
Greece 73,100 1993
Greenland --- ---
Grenada 214 1992
Guadeloupe --- ---
Guam --- ---
Guatemala 11,279 1993
Guernsey --- ---
Guinea --- ---
Guinea-Bissau 221 1992
Guyana 447 1993
Haiti 2,502 1990
Honduras 3,343 1993
Hong Kong --- ---
Hungary 36,113 1993
Iceland 6,076 1993
India 272,231 1992
Indonesia 142,794 1993
Iran 1,013,890 1992
Iraq --- ---
Ireland 47,678 1993
Israel 65,043 1993
Italy 999,700 1993
Jamaica 3,839 1993
Japan 4,215,546 1993
Jersey --- ---
Jordan 5,190 1993
Kazakhstan --- ---
Kenya 5,569 1993
Kiribati --- ---
Korea, North --- ---
Korea, South --- ---
Kuwait 22,416 1993
Kyrgyzstan --- ---
Laos --- ---
Latvia --- ---
Lebanon --- ---
Lesotho 710 1992
Liberia 1,183 1989
Libya 21,864 1986
Liechtenstein --- ---
Lithuania --- ---
Luxembourg 10,600 1993
Macau --- ---
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of --- ---
Madagascar 3,371 1993
Malawi 2,017 1993
Malaysia 64,434 1993
Maldives --- ---
Mali 2,451 1991
Malta 2,743 1992
Man, Isle of --- ---
Marshall Islands --- ---
Martinique --- ---
Mauritania 1,136 1993
Mauritius 3,112 1993
Mayotte --- ---
Mexico 286,631 1991
Micronesia, Federated States of --- ---
Moldova --- ---
Monaco --- ---
Mongolia 1,111 1992
Montserrat --- ---
Morocco 28,762 1992
Mozambique 1,410 1993
Namibia 2,508 1993
Nauru --- ---
Nepal 3,387 1993
Netherlands 308,995 1993
Netherlands Antilles --- ---
New Caledonia --- ---
New Zealand 43,698 1993
Nicaragua 2,214 1990
Niger 2,506 1990
Nigeria 37,250 1993
Niue --- ---
Norfolk Island --- ---
Northern Mariana Islands --- ---
Norway 103,418 1993
Oman 11,489 1992
Pakistan 48,363 1993
Palau --- ---
Panama 6,565 1993
Papua New Guinea 4,292 1992
Paraguay 6,446 1992
Peru 39,760 1989
Philippines 54,068 1992
Pitcairn Islands --- ---
Poland 85,898 1993
Portugal 75,100 1993
Puerto Rico --- ---
Qatar 7,473 1992
Reunion --- ---
Romania 24,781 1993
Russia --- ---
Rwanda 1,630 1992
Saint Helena --- ---
Saint Kitts and Nevis 158 1990
Saint Lucia 393 1992
Saint Pierre and Miquelon --- ---
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 192 1992
San Marino --- ---
Sao Tome and Principe --- ---
Saudi Arabia 121,530 1992
Senegal 4,627 1989
Serbia and Montenegro --- ---
Seychelles 434 1992
Sierra Leone --- ---
Singapore 55,086 1993
Slovakia --- ---
Slovenia --- ---
Solomon Islands --- ---
Somalia --- ---
South Africa 117,442 1993
Spain 478,391 1993
Sri Lanka 10,274 1993
Sudan 27,697 1991
Suriname 1,872 1991
Svalbard --- ---
Swaziland 874 1991
Sweden 186,224 1993
Switzerland 232,133 1993
Syria 33,050 1992
Tajikistan --- ---
Tanzania 2,086 1993
Thailand 110,429 1992
Togo 1,237 1987
Tokelau --- ---
Tonga 145 1993
Trinidad and Tobago 4,538 1993
Tunisia 14,634 1993
Turkey 138,400 1993
Turkmenistan --- ---
Turks and Caicos Islands --- ---
Tuvalu --- ---
Uganda 5,608 1988
Ukraine --- ---
United Arab Emirates 34,977 1992
United Kingdom 944,902 1993
United States 6,738,400 1994
Uruguay 13,144 1993
Uzbekistan --- ---
Vanuatu 153 1990
Venezuela 59,183 1993
Vietnam --- ---
Virgin Islands --- ---
Wallis and Futuna --- ---
West Bank --- ---
Western Sahara --- ---
Western Samoa --- ---
World --- ---
Yemen --- ---
Zaire 9,078 1991
Zambia 3,302 1992
Zimbabwe 6,189 1990
Taiwan --- ---
Appendix 15
Cross-Reference List of Geographic Names
title
rqrqCentral Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix H: Cross-Reference List of Geographic Items
This list indicates where various geographic items - including the location
of all United States Foreign Service Posts, alternate names of countries,
former names, and political or geographical portions of larger entities -
can be found in The World Factbook. Spellings are normally, but not always,
those approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN).
Alternate names are included in parentheses; additional information is
included in brackets.
Name Entry in The World Factbook
Abidjan [US Embassy] Cote d'Ivoire
Abu Dhabi [US Embassy] United Arab Emirates
Abuja [US Embassy Branch Office] Nigeria
Acapulco [US Consular Agency] Mexico
Accra [US Embassy] Ghana
Adamstown Pitcairn Islands
Adana [US Consulate] Turkey
Addis Ababa [US Embassy] Ethiopia
Adelie Land (Terre Adelie) Antarctica
[claimed by France]
Aden Yemen
Aden, Gulf of Indian Ocean
Admiralty Islands Papua New Guinea
Adriatic Sea Atlantic Ocean
Aegean Islands Greece
Aegean Sea Atlantic Ocean
Afars and Issas, French Territory Djibouti
of the (F.T.A.I.)
Agalega Islands Mauritius
Agana Guam
Aland Islands Finland
Alaska United States
Alaska, Gulf of Pacific Ocean
Aldabra Islands Seychelles
Alderney Guernsey
Aleutian Islands United States
Alexander Island Antarctica
Alexandria Egypt
Algiers [US Embassy] Algeria
Alhucemas, Penon de Spain
Alma-Ata (see Almaty) Kazakhstan
Almaty (Alma-Ata) [US Embassy] Kazakhstan
Alofi Niue
Alphonse Island Seychelles
Amami Strait Pacific Ocean
Amindivi Islands India
Amirante Isles Seychelles
Amman [US Embassy] Jordan
Amsterdam [US Consulate General] Netherlands
Amsterdam Island (Ile Amsterdam) French Southern and Antarctic Lands
Amundsen Sea Pacific Ocean
Amur China; Russia
Andaman Islands India
Andaman Sea Indian Ocean
Andorra la Vella Andorra
Anegada Passage Atlantic Ocean
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan Sudan
Anjouan Comoros
Ankara [US Embassy] Turkey
Annobon Equatorial Guinea
Antananarivo [US Embassy] Madagascar
Antipodes Islands New Zealand
Antwerp [European Logistical Belgium
Support Office]
Aozou Strip Chad
Apia [US Embassy] Western Samoa
Aqaba, Gulf of Indian Ocean
Arabian Sea Indian Ocean
Arafura Sea Pacific Ocean
Argun China; Russia
Ascension Island Saint Helena
Ashgabat [US Embassy] Turkmenistan
Ashkhabad (see Ashgabat) Turkmenistan
Asmara [US Embassy] Eritrea
Asmera (see Asmara) Eritrea
Assumption Island Seychelles
Asuncion [US Embassy] Paraguay
Asuncion Island Northern Mariana Islands
Atacama Chile
Athens [US Embassy] Greece
Attu United States
Auckland [US Consulate General] New Zealand
Auckland Islands New Zealand
Australes Iles (Iles Tubuai) French Polynesia
Avarua Cook Islands
Axel Heiberg Island Canada
Azores Portugal
Azov, Sea of Atlantic Ocean
Bab el Mandeb Indian Ocean
Babuyan Channel Pacific Ocean
Babuyan Islands Philippines
Baffin Bay Arctic Ocean
Baffin Island Canada
Baghdad [US Embassy temporarily Iraq
suspended; US Interests Section
located in Poland's embassy in
Baghdad]
Baki (Baku) Azerbaijan
Baku [US Embassy] Azerbaijan
Baky (Baku) Azerbaijan
Balabac Strait Pacific Ocean
Balearic Islands Spain
Balearic Sea (Iberian Sea) Atlantic Ocean
Bali Sea Indian Ocean
Balintang Channel Pacific Ocean
Balintang Islands Philippines
Balleny Islands Antarctica
Balochistan Pakistan
Baltic Sea Atlantic Ocean
Bamako [US Embassy] Mali
Banaba (Ocean Island) Kiribati
Bandar Seri Begawan [US Embassy] Brunei
Banda Sea Pacific Ocean
Bangkok [US Embassy] Thailand
Bangui [US Embassy] Central African Republic
Banjul [US Embassy] Gambia, The
Banks Island Canada
Banks Islands (Iles Banks) Vanuatu
Barcelona [US Consulate General] Spain
Barents Sea Arctic Ocean
Barranquilla [US Consulate] Colombia
Bashi Channel Pacific Ocean
Basilan Strait Pacific Ocean
Bass Strait Pacific Ocean
Basse-Terre Guadeloupe
Basseterre Saint Kitts and Nevis
Basutoland Lesotho
Batan Islands Philippines
Bavaria (Bayern) Germany
Beagle Channel Atlantic Ocean
Bear Island (Bjornoya) Svalbard
Beaufort Sea Arctic Ocean
Bechuanaland Botswana
Beijing [US Embassy] China
Beirut [US Embassy] Lebanon
Belau Palau
Belem [US Consular Agency] Brazil
Belep Islands (Iles Belep) New Caledonia
Belfast [US Consulate General] United Kingdom
Belgian Congo Zaire
Belgrade [US Embassy; US does not Serbia and Montenegro
maintain full diplomatic relations
with Serbia and Montenegro]
Belize City [US Embassy] Belize
Belle Isle, Strait of Atlantic Ocean
Bellingshausen Sea Pacific Ocean
Belmopan Belize
Belorussia Belarus
Bengal, Bay of Indian Ocean
Bering Sea Pacific Ocean
Bering Strait Pacific Ocean
Berkner Island Antarctica
Berlin [US Branch Office] Germany
Berlin, East Germany
Berlin, West Germany
Bern [US Embassy] Switzerland
Bessarabia Romania; Moldova
Bijagos, Arquipelago dos Guinea-Bissau
Bikini Atoll Marshall Islands
Bilbao [US Consulate] Spain
Bioko Equatorial Guinea
Biscay, Bay of Atlantic Ocean
Bishkek [US Embassy] Kyrgyzstan
Bishop Rock United Kingdom
Bismarck Archipelago Papua New Guinea
Bismarck Sea Pacific Ocean
Bissau [US Embassy] Guinea-Bissau
Bjornoya (Bear Island) Svalbard
Black Rock Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Black Sea Atlantic Ocean
Bloemfontein South Africa
Boa Vista Cape Verde
Bogota [US Embassy] Colombia
Bombay [US Consulate General] India
Bonaire Netherlands Antilles
Bonifacio, Strait of Atlantic Ocean
Bonin Islands Japan
Bonn [US Embassy] Germany
Bophuthatswana South Africa
Bora-Bora French Polynesia
Bordeaux [US Consulate General] France
Borneo Brunei; Indonesia; Malaysia
Bornholm Denmark
Bosporus Atlantic Ocean
Bothnia, Gulf of Atlantic Ocean
Bougainville Island Papua New Guinea
Bougainville Strait Pacific Ocean
Bounty Islands New Zealand
Brasilia [US Embassy] Brazil
Bratislava [US Embassy] Slovakia
Brazzaville [US Embassy] Congo
Bridgetown [US Embassy] Barbados
Brisbane [US Consulate] Australia
British East Africa Kenya
British Guiana Guyana
British Honduras Belize
British Solomon Islands Solomon Islands
British Somaliland Somalia
Brussels [US Embassy, US Mission Belgium
to European Union (USEU), US Mission to
the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (USNATO)]
Bucharest [US Embassy] Romania
Budapest [US Embassy] Hungary
Buenos Aires [US Embassy] Argentina
Bujumbura [US Embassy] Burundi
Burnt Pine Norfolk Island
Byelorussia Belarus
Cabinda Angola
Cabot Strait Atlantic Ocean
Caicos Islands Turks and Caicos Islands
Cairo [US Embassy] Egypt
Calcutta [US Consulate General] India
Calgary [US Consulate General] Canada
California, Gulf of Pacific Ocean
Campbell Island New Zealand
Canal Zone Panama
Canary Islands Spain
Canberra [US Embassy] Australia
Canton (Guangzhou) China
Canton Island (Kanton Island) Kiribati
Cape Town [US Consulate General] South Africa
Caracas [US Embassy] Venezuela
Cargados Carajos Shoals Mauritius
Caroline Islands Micronesia, Federated States of;
Palau
Caribbean Sea Atlantic Ocean
Carpentaria, Gulf of Pacific Ocean
Casablanca [US Consulate General] Morocco
Castries Saint Lucia
Cato Island Australia
Cayenne French Guiana
Cebu [US Consulate] Philippines
Celebes Indonesia
Celebes Sea Pacific Ocean
Celtic Sea Atlantic Ocean
Central African Empire Central African Republic
Ceuta Spain
Ceylon Sri Lanka
Chafarinas, Islas Spain
Chagos Archipelago (Oil Islands) British Indian Ocean Territory
Channel Islands Guernsey; Jersey
Charlotte Amalie Virgin Islands
Chatham Islands New Zealand
Cheju-do Korea, South
Cheju Strait Pacific Ocean
Chengdu [US Consulate General] China
Chesterfield Islands New Caledonia
(Iles Chesterfield)
Chiang Mai [US Consulate General] Thailand
Chihli, Gulf of (see Bo Hai) Pacific Ocean
China, People's Republic of China
China, Republic of Taiwan
Chisinau [US Embassy] Moldova
Choiseul Solomon Islands
Christmas Island [Indian Ocean] Australia
Christmas Island [Pacific Ocean] Kiribati
(Kiritimati)
Chukchi Sea Arctic Ocean
Ciskei South Africa
Ciudad Juarez [US Consulate General] Mexico
Cluj-Napoca [US Branch Office] Romania
Coco, Isla del Costa Rica
Cocos Islands Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Colombo [US Embassy] Sri Lanka
Colon, Archipielago de Ecuador
(Galapagos Islands)
Commander Islands Russia
(Komandorskiye Ostrova)
Conakry [US Embassy] Guinea
Congo (Brazzaville) Congo
Congo (Kinshasa) Zaire
Congo (Leopoldville) Zaire
Con Son Islands Vietnam
Cook Strait Pacific Ocean
Copenhagen [US Embassy] Denmark
Coral Sea Pacific Ocean
Corn Islands (Islas del Maiz) Nicaragua
Corsica France
Cosmoledo Group Seychelles
Cotonou [US Embassy] Benin
Crete Greece
Crooked Island Passage Atlantic Ocean
Crozet Islands (Iles Crozet) French Southern and Antarctic Lands
Curacao [US Consulate General] Netherlands Antilles
Czechoslovakia Czech Republic; Slovakia
Dahomey Benin
Daito Islands Japan
Dakar [US Embassy] Senegal
Daman (Damao) India
Damascus [US Embassy] Syria
Danger Atoll Cook Islands
Danish Straits Atlantic Ocean
Danzig (Gdansk) Poland
Dao Bach Long Vi Vietnam
Dardanelles Atlantic Ocean
Dar es Salaam [US Embassy] Tanzania
Davis Strait Atlantic Ocean
Deception Island Antarctica
Denmark Strait Atlantic Ocean
D'Entrecasteaux Islands Papua New Guinea
Devon Island Canada
Dhahran [US Consulate General] Saudi Arabia
Dhaka [US Embassy] Bangladesh
Diego Garcia British Indian Ocean Territory
Diego Ramirez Chile
Diomede Islands Russia [Big Diomede]; United States
[Little Diomede]
Diu India
Djibouti [US Embassy] Djibouti
Dodecanese Greece
Dodoma Tanzania
Doha [US Embassy] Qatar
Douala Cameroon
Douglas Man, Isle of
Dover, Strait of Atlantic Ocean
Drake Passage Atlantic Ocean
Dubai (see Dubayy) United Arab Emirates
Dubayy [US Consulate General] United Arab Emirates
Dublin [US Embassy] Ireland
Durban [US Consulate General] South Africa
Dushanbe [US Embassy] Tajikistan
Dutch East Indies Indonesia
Dutch Guiana Suriname
East China Sea Pacific Ocean
Easter Island (Isla de Pascua) Chile
Eastern Channel (East Korea Strait Pacific Ocean
or Tsushima Strait)
East Germany (German Democratic Germany
Republic)
East Korea Strait (Eastern Channel Pacific Ocean
or Tsushima Strait)
East Pakistan Bangladesh
East Siberian Sea Arctic Ocean
East Timor (Portuguese Timor) Indonesia
Edinburgh [US Consulate General] United Kingdom
Elba Italy
Ellef Ringnes Island Canada
Ellesmere Island Canada
Ellice Islands Tuvalu
Elobey, Islas de Equatorial Guinea
Enderbury Island Kiribati
Enewetak Atoll (Eniwetok Atoll) Marshall Islands
England United Kingdom
English Channel Atlantic Ocean
Eniwetok Atoll Marshall Islands
Epirus, Northern Albania; Greece
Essequibo [claimed by Venezuela] Guyana
Etorofu Russia [de facto]
Farquhar Group Seychelles
Fernando de Noronha Brazil
Fernando Po (Bioko) Equatorial Guinea
Finland, Gulf of Atlantic Ocean
Florence [US Consulate General] Italy
Florida, Straits of Atlantic Ocean
Formosa Taiwan
Formosa Strait (Taiwan Strait) Pacific Ocean
Fortaleza [US Consular Agency] Brazil
Fort-de-France Martinique
Frankfurt am Main [US Germany
Consulate General]
Franz Josef Land Russia
Freetown [US Embassy] Sierra Leone
French Cameroon Cameroon
French Indochina Cambodia; Laos; Vietnam
French Guinea Guinea
French Sudan Mali
French Territory of the Afars Djibouti
and Issas (F.T.A.I.)
French Togo Togo
Friendly Islands Tonga
Frunze (Bishkek) Kyrgyzstan
Fukuoka [US Consulate] Japan
Funafuti Tuvalu
Fundy, Bay of Atlantic Ocean
Futuna Islands (Hoorn Islands) Wallis and Futuna
Gaborone [US Embassy] Botswana
Galapagos Islands (Archipielago Ecuador
de Colon)
Galleons Passage Atlantic Ocean
Gambier Islands (Iles Gambier) French Polynesia
Gaspar Strait Pacific Ocean
Geneva [Branch Office of the Switzerland
US Embassy, US Mission to European
Office of the UN and Other
International Organizations]
Genoa Italy
George Town [US Consular Agency] Cayman Islands
Georgetown [US Embassy] Guyana
German Democratic Republic Germany
(East Germany)
Gibraltar Gibraltar
Gibraltar, Strait of Atlantic Ocean
Gilbert Islands Kiribati
Goa India
Gold Coast Ghana
Golan Heights Syria
Good Hope, Cape of South Africa
Goteborg Sweden
Gotland Sweden
Gough Island Saint Helena
Grand Banks Atlantic Ocean
Grand Cayman Cayman Islands
Grand Turk Turks and Caicos Islands
Great Australian Bight Indian Ocean
Great Belt (Store Baelt) Atlantic Ocean
Great Britain United Kingdom
Great Channel Indian Ocean
Greater Sunda Islands Brunei; Indonesia; Malaysia
Green Islands Papua New Guinea
Greenland Sea Arctic Ocean
Grenadines, Northern Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Grenadines, Southern Grenada
Grytviken Georgia
Guadalajara [US Consulate General] Mexico
Guadalcanal Solomon Islands
Guadalupe, Isla de Mexico
Guangzhou [US Consulate General] China
Guantanamo Bay [US Naval Base] Cuba
Guatemala [US Embassy] Guatemala
Gubal, Strait of Indian Ocean
Guinea, Gulf of Atlantic Ocean
Guayaquil [US Consulate General] Ecuador
Ha'apai Group Tonga
Habomai Islands Russia [de facto]
Hague, The [US Embassy] Netherlands
Hainan Dao China
Halifax [US Consulate General] Canada
Halmahera Indonesia
Hamburg [US Consulate General] Germany
Hamilton [US Consulate General] Bermuda
Hanoi [US Liaison Office] Vietnam
Harare [US Embassy] Zimbabwe
Hatay Turkey
Havana [US post not maintained; Cuba
representation by US Interests
Section (USINT) of the Swiss
Embassy]
Hawaii United States
Heard Island Heard Island and McDonald Islands
Helsinki [US Embassy] Finland
Hermosillo [US Consulate] Mexico
Hispaniola Dominican Republic; Haiti
Hokkaido Japan
Hong Kong [US Consulate General] Hong Kong
Honiara Solomon Islands
Honshu Japan
Hormuz, Strait of Indian Ocean
Horn, Cape (Cabo de Hornos) Chile
Horne, Iles de Wallis and Futuna
Horn of Africa Ethiopia; Somalia
Hudson Bay Arctic Ocean
Hudson Strait Arctic Ocean
Inaccessible Island Saint Helena
Indochina Cambodia; Laos; Vietnam
Inner Mongolia (Nei Mongol) China
Ionian Islands Greece
Ionian Sea Atlantic Ocean
Irian Jaya Indonesia
Irish Sea Atlantic Ocean
Islamabad [US Embassy] Pakistan
Islas Malvinas Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Istanbul [US Consulate General] Turkey
Italian Somaliland Somalia
Ivory Coast Cote d'Ivoire
Iwo Jima Japan
Jakarta [US Embassy] Indonesia
Jamestown Saint Helena
Japan, Sea of Pacific Ocean
Java Indonesia
Java Sea Pacific Ocean
Jeddah (see Jiddah) Saudi Arabia
Jerusalem [US Consulate General] Israel; West Bank
Jiddah [US Consulate General] Saudi Arabia
Johannesburg [US Consulate General] South Africa
Juan de Fuca, Strait of Pacific Ocean
Juan Fernandez, Isla de Chile
Juventud, Isla de la (Isle of Youth) Cuba
Kabul [US Embassy now closed] Afghanistan
Kaduna [US Consulate General] Nigeria
Kalimantan Indonesia
Kamchatka Peninsula Russia
(Poluostrov Kamchatka)
Kampala [US Embassy] Uganda
Kampuchea Cambodia
Kanton Island Kiribati
Karachi [US Consulate General] Pakistan
Kara Sea Arctic Ocean
Karimata Strait Pacific Ocean
Kathmandu [US Embassy] Nepal
Kattegat Atlantic Ocean
Kauai Channel Pacific Ocean
Keeling Islands Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Kerguelen, Iles French Southern and Antarctic Lands
Kermadec Islands New Zealand
Khabarovsk Russia
Khartoum [US Embassy] Sudan
Khmer Republic Cambodia
Khuriya Muriya Islands (Kuria Oman
Muria Islands)
Khyber Pass Pakistan
Kiel Canal (Nord-Ostsee Kanal) Atlantic Ocean
Kiev [US Embassy] Ukraine
Kigali [US Embassy] Rwanda
Kingston [US Embassy] Jamaica
Kingston Norfolk Island
Kingstown Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Kinshasa [US Embassy] Zaire
Kirghiziya Kyrgyzstan
Kiritimati (Christmas Island) Kiribati
Kishinev (Chisinau) Moldova
Kithira Strait Atlantic Ocean
Kodiak Island United States
Kola Peninsula (Kol'skiy Poluostrov) Russia
Kolonia [US Embassy] Micronesia, Federated States of
Korea Bay Pacific Ocean
Korea, Democratic People's Korea, North
Republic of
Korea, Republic of Korea, South
Korea Strait Pacific Ocean
Koror [US Liaison Office] Palau
Kosovo Serbia and Montenegro
Kowloon Hong Kong
Krakow [US Consulate General] Poland
Kuala Lumpur [US Embassy] Malaysia
Kunashiri (Kunashir) Russia [de facto]
Kuril Islands Russia [de facto]
Kuwait [US Embassy] Kuwait
Kwajalein Atoll Marshall Islands
Kyushu Japan
Kyyiv (Kiev) Ukraine
Labrador Canada
Laccadive Islands India
Laccadive Sea Indian Ocean
Lagos [US Embassy] Nigeria
Lahore [US Consulate General] Pakistan
Lakshadweep India
La Paz [US Embassy] Bolivia
La Perouse Strait Pacific Ocean
Laptev Sea Arctic Ocean
Las Palmas Spain
Lau Group Fiji
Lefkosa (Nicosia) Cyprus
Leipzig [US Consulate General] Germany
Leningrad (see Saint Petersburg) Russia
Lesser Sunda Islands Indonesia
Leyte Philippines
Liancourt Rocks [claimed by Japan] Korea, South
Libreville [US Embassy] Gabon
Ligurian Sea Atlantic Ocean
Lilongwe [US Embassy] Malawi
Lima [US Embassy] Peru
Lincoln Sea Arctic Ocean
Line Islands Kiribati; Palmyra Atoll
Lisbon [US Embassy] Portugal
Ljubljana [US Embassy] Slovenia
Lobamba Swaziland
Lombok Strait Indian Ocean
Lome [US Embassy] Togo
London [US Embassy] United Kingdom
Longyearbyen Svalbard
Lord Howe Island Australia
Louisiade Archipelago Papua New Guinea
Loyalty Islands (Iles Loyaute) New Caledonia
Luanda [US Embassy] Angola
Appendix 16
Cross-Reference List of Geographic Names
title
?p?pCentral Intelligence Agency
The World Factbook 1995
Appendix H: Cross-Reference List of Geographic Items
Lubumbashi Zaire
Lusaka [US Embassy] Zambia
Luxembourg [US Embassy] Luxembourg
Luzon Philippines
Luzon Strait Pacific Ocean
Macao Macau
Macau Macau
Macedonia Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of
Macquarie Island Australia
Madeira Islands Portugal
Madras [US Consulate General] India
Madrid [US Embassy] Spain
Magellan, Strait of Atlantic Ocean
Maghreb Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco,
Tunisia
Mahe Island Seychelles
Maiz, Islas del (Corn Islands) Nicaragua
Majorca (Mallorca) Spain
Majuro [US Embassy] Marshall Islands
Makassar Strait Pacific Ocean
Malabo [US Embassy] Equatorial Guinea
Malacca, Strait of Indian Ocean
Malagasy Republic Madagascar
Male [US Consular Agency] Maldives
Mallorca (Majorca) Spain
Malpelo, Isla de Colombia
Malta Channel Atlantic Ocean
Malvinas, Islas Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Mamoutzou Mayotte
Managua [US Embassy] Nicaragua
Manama [US Embassy] Bahrain
Manaus [US Consular Agency] Brazil
Manchukuo China
Manchuria China
Manila [US Embassy] Philippines
Manipa Strait Pacific Ocean
Mannar, Gulf of Indian Ocean
Manua Islands American Samoa
Maputo [US Embassy] Mozambique
Marcus Island (Minami-tori-shima) Japan
Mariana Islands Guam; Northern Mariana Islands
Marion Island South Africa
Marmara, Sea of Atlantic Ocean
Marquesas Islands (Iles Marquises) French Polynesia
Marseille [US Consulate General] France
Martin Vaz, Ilhas Brazil
Mas a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Chile
Island)
Mascarene Islands Mauritius; Reunion
Maseru [US Embassy] Lesotho
Matamoros [US Consulate] Mexico
Mata-Utu Wallis and Futuna
Mazatlan Mexico
Mbabane [US Embassy] Swaziland
McDonald Islands Heard Island and McDonald Islands
Medan [US Consulate General] Indonesia
Mediterranean Sea Atlantic Ocean
Melbourne [US Consulate General] Australia
Melilla Spain
Merida [US Consulate] Mexico
Messina, Strait of Atlantic Ocean
Mexico [US Embassy] Mexico
Mexico, Gulf of Atlantic Ocean
Milan [US Consulate General] Italy
Minami-tori-shima Japan
Mindanao Philippines
Mindoro Strait Pacific Ocean
Minicoy Island India
Minsk [US Embassy] Belarus
Mogadishu Somalia
Moldavia Moldova
Mombasa Kenya
Mona Passage Atlantic Ocean
Monaco Monaco
Monrovia [US Embassy] Liberia
Montenegro Serbia and Montenegro
Monterrey [US Consulate General] Mexico
Montevideo [US Embassy] Uruguay
Montreal [US Consulate General, US Canada
Mission to the International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO)]
Moravian Gate Czech Republic
Moroni Comoros
Mortlock Islands Micronesia, Federated States of
Moscow [US Embassy] Russia
Mozambique Channel Indian Ocean
Munich [US Consulate General] Germany
Musandam Peninsula Oman; United Arab Emirates
Muscat [US Embassy] Oman
Muscat and Oman Oman
Myanma, Myanmar Burma
Nagoya [US Consulate] Japan
Naha [US Consulate General] Japan
Nairobi [US Embassy] Kenya
Nampo-shoto Japan
Naples [US Consulate General] Italy
Nassau [US Embassy] Bahamas, The
Natuna Besar Islands Indonesia
N'Djamena [US Embassy] Chad
Netherlands East Indies Indonesia
Netherlands Guiana Suriname
Nevis Saint Kitts and Nevis
New Delhi [US Embassy] India
Newfoundland Canada
New Guinea Indonesia; Papua New Guinea
New Hebrides Vanuatu
New Siberian Islands Russia
New Territories Hong Kong
New York, New York [US Mission to United States
the United Nations (USUN)]
Niamey [US Embassy] Niger
Nicobar Islands India
Nicosia [US Embassy] Cyprus
Nightingale Island Saint Helena
North Atlantic Ocean Atlantic Ocean
North Channel Atlantic Ocean
Northeast Providence Channel Atlantic Ocean
Northern Epirus Albania; Greece
Northern Grenadines Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Northern Ireland United Kingdom
Northern Rhodesia Zambia
North Island New Zealand
North Korea Korea, North
North Pacific Ocean Pacific Ocean
North Sea Atlantic Ocean
North Vietnam Vietnam
Northwest Passages Arctic Ocean
North Yemen (Yemen Arab Republic) Yemen
Norwegian Sea Atlantic Ocean
Nouakchott [US Embassy] Mauritania
Noumea New Caledonia
Novaya Zemlya Russia
Nuku'alofa Tonga
Nuevo Laredo [US Consulate] Mexico
Nuuk (Godthab) Greenland
Nyasaland Malawi
Oahu United States
Ocean Island (Banaba) Kiribati
Ocean Island (Kure Island) United States
Ogaden Ethiopia; Somalia
Oil Islands (Chagos Archipelago) British Indian Ocean Territory
Okhotsk, Sea of Pacific Ocean
Okinawa Japan
Oman, Gulf of Indian Ocean
Ombai Strait Pacific Ocean
Oran Algeria
Oranjestad Aruba
Oresund (The Sound) Atlantic Ocean
Orkney Islands United Kingdom
Osaka-Kobe [US Consulate General] Japan
Oslo [US Embassy] Norway
Otranto, Strait of Atlantic Ocean
Ottawa [US Embassy] Canada
Ouagadougou [US Embassy] Burkina
Outer Mongolia Mongolia
Pacific Islands, Trust Territory Palau
of the
Pagan Northern Mariana Islands
Pago Pago American Samoa
Palawan Philippines
Palermo Italy
Palk Strait Indian Ocean
Pamirs China; Tajikistan
Panama [US Embassy] Panama
Panama Canal Panama
Panama, Gulf of Pacific Ocean
Papeete French Polynesia
Paramaribo [US Embassy] Suriname
Parece Vela Japan
Paris [US Embassy, US Mission to the France
Organization for Economic
Cooperation and Development (OECD),
US Observer Mission at the UN
Educational, Scientific, and
Cultural Organization (UNESCO)]
Pascua, Isla de (Easter Island) Chile
Passion, Ile de la Clipperton Island
Pashtunistan Afghanistan; Pakistan
Peking (Beijing) China
Peleliu Palau
Pemba Island Tanzania
Pentland Firth Atlantic Ocean
Perim Yemen
Perouse Strait, La Pacific Ocean
Persian Gulf Indian Ocean
Perth [US Consulate General] Australia
Pescadores Taiwan
Peshawar [US Consulate] Pakistan
Peter I Island Antarctica
Philip Island Norfolk Island
Philippine Sea Pacific Ocean
Phnom Penh [US Embassy] Cambodia
Phoenix Islands Kiribati
Pines, Isle of (Isla de la Juventud) Cuba
Pleasant Island Nauru
Plymouth Montserrat
Ponape (Pohnpei) Micronesia
Ponta Delgada [US Consulate] Portugal
Port-au-Prince [US Embassy] Haiti
Port Louis [US Embassy] Mauritius
Port Moresby [US Embassy] Papua New Guinea
Porto Alegre [US Consulate] Brazil
Port-of-Spain [US Embassy] Trinidad and Tobago
Porto-Novo Benin
Portuguese Guinea Guinea-Bissau
Portuguese Timor (East Timor) Indonesia
Port-Vila Vanuatu
Poznan [US Consulate General] Poland
Prague [US Embassy] Czech Republic
Praia [US Embassy] Cape Verde
Pretoria [US Embassy] South Africa
Pribilof Islands United States
Prince Edward Island Canada
Prince Edward Islands South Africa
Prince Patrick Island Canada
Principe Sao Tome and Principe
Pusan [US Consulate] Korea, South
P'yongyang Korea, North
Quebec [US Consulate General] Canada
Queen Charlotte Islands Canada
Queen Elizabeth Islands Canada
Queen Maud Land [claimed by Norway] Antarctica
Quito [US Embassy] Ecuador
Rabat [US Embassy] Morocco
Ralik Chain Marshall Islands
Rangoon [US Embassy] Burma
Ratak Chain Marshall Islands
Recife [US Consulate] Brazil
Redonda Antigua and Barbuda
Red Sea Indian Ocean
Revillagigedo Island United States
Revillagigedo Islands Mexico
Reykjavik [US Embassy] Iceland
Rhodes Greece
Rhodesia Zimbabwe
Rhodesia, Northern Zambia
Rhodesia, Southern Zimbabwe
Riga [US Embassy] Latvia
Rio de Janeiro [US Consulate Brazil
General]
Rio de Oro Western Sahara
Rio Muni Equatorial Guinea
Riyadh [US Embassy] Saudi Arabia
Road Town British Virgin Islands
Robinson Crusoe Island (Mas Chile
a Tierra)
Rocas, Atol das Brazil
Rockall [disputed] United Kingdom
Rodrigues Mauritius
Rome [US Embassy, US Mission to the Italy
UN Agencies for Food and
Agriculture (FODAG)]
Roncador Cay Colombia
Roosevelt Island Antarctica
Roseau Dominica
Ross Dependency [claimed by Antarctica
New Zealand]
Ross Island Antarctica
Ross Sea Antarctica
Rota Northern Mariana Islands
Rotuma Fiji
Ryukyu Islands Japan
Saba Netherlands Antilles
Sabah Malaysia
Sable Island Canada
Sahel Burkina, Cape Verde, Chad,
The Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mali,
Mauritania, Niger, Senegal
Saigon (Ho Chi Minh City) Vietnam
Saint Brandon Mauritius
Saint Christopher and Nevis Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint-Denis Reunion
Saint George's [US Embassy] Grenada
Saint George's Channel Atlantic Ocean
Saint Helier Jersey
Saint John's Antigua and Barbuda
Saint Lawrence, Gulf of Atlantic Ocean
Saint Lawrence Island United States
Saint Lawrence Seaway Atlantic Ocean
Saint Martin Guadeloupe
Saint Martin (Sint Maarten) Netherlands Antilles
Saint Paul Island Canada
Saint Paul Island United States
Saint Paul Island (Ile Saint-Paul) French Southern and Antarctic Lands
Saint Peter and Saint Paul Rocks Brazil
(Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo)
Saint Peter Port Guernsey
Saint Petersburg [US Consulate Russia
General]
Saint-Pierre Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Saint Vincent Passage Atlantic Ocean
Saipan Northern Mariana Islands
Sakhalin Island (Ostrov Sakhalin) Russia
Sala y Gomez, Isla Chile
Salisbury (Harare) Zimbabwe
Salvador de Bahia [US Consular Brazil
Agency]
Salzburg Austria
Sanaa [US Embassy] Yemen
San Ambrosio Chile
San Andres y Providencia, Colombia
Archipielago
San Bernardino Strait Pacific Ocean
San Felix, Isla Chile
San Jose [US Embassy] Costa Rica
San Juan Puerto Rico
San Luis Potosi Mexico
San Marino San Marino
San Salvador [US Embassy] El Salvador
Santa Cruz Bolivia
Santa Cruz Islands Solomon Islands
Santiago [US Embassy] Chile
Santo Domingo [US Embassy] Dominican Republic
Sao Paulo [US Consulate General] Brazil
Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo, Penedos de Brazil
Sao Tome Sao Tome and Principe
Sapporo [US Consulate General] Japan
Sapudi Strait Pacific Ocean
Sarajevo [US Embassy] Bosnia and Herzegovina
Sarawak Malaysia
Sardinia Italy
Sargasso Sea Atlantic Ocean
Sark Guernsey
Scotia Sea Atlantic Ocean
Scotland United Kingdom
Scott Island Antarctica
Senyavin Islands Micronesia, Federated States of
Seoul [US Embassy] Korea, South
Serbia Serbia and Montenegro
Serrana Bank Colombia
Serranilla Bank Colombia
Settlement, The Christmas Island
Severnaya Zemlya (Northland) Russia
Shag Island Heard Island and McDonald Islands
Shag Rocks Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Shanghai [US Consulate General] China
Shenyang [US Consulate General] China
Shetland Islands United Kingdom
Shikoku Japan
Shikotan (Shikotan-to) Japan
Siam Thailand
Sibutu Passage Pacific Ocean
Sicily Italy
Sicily, Strait of Atlantic Ocean
Sikkim India
Sinai Egypt
Singapore [US Embassy] Singapore
Singapore Strait Pacific Ocean
Sinkiang (Xinjiang) China
Sint Eustatius Netherlands Antilles
Sint Maarten (Saint Martin) Netherlands Antilles
Skagerrak Atlantic Ocean
Skopje [US Liaison Office] Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of
Society Islands (Iles de la Societe) French Polynesia
Socotra Yemen
Sofia [US Embassy] Bulgaria
Solomon Islands, northern Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands, southern Solomon Islands
Solomon Sea Pacific Ocean
Songkhla [US Consulate] Thailand
Sound, The (Oresund) Atlantic Ocean
South Atlantic Ocean Atlantic Ocean
South China Sea Pacific Ocean
Southern Grenadines Grenada
Southern Rhodesia Zimbabwe
South Georgia South Georgia and the South Sandwich
Islands
South Island New Zealand
South Korea Korea, South
South Orkney Islands Antarctica
South Pacific Ocean Pacific Ocean
South Sandwich Islands South Georgia and the South Sandwich
Islands
South Shetland Islands Antarctica
South Tyrol Italy
South Vietnam Vietnam
South-West Africa Namibia
South Yemen (People's Democratic Yemen
Republic of Yemen)
Soviet Union [the former] Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus,
Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania,
Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Spanish Guinea Equatorial Guinea
Spanish Sahara Western Sahara
Spitsbergen Svalbard
Stanley Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Stockholm [US Embassy] Sweden
Strasbourg [US Consulate General] France
Stuttgart [US Consulate General] Germany
Sucre Bolivia
Suez, Gulf of Indian Ocean
Sulu Archipelago Philippines
Sulu Sea Pacific Ocean
Sumatra Indonesia
Sumba Indonesia
Sunda Islands (Soenda Isles) Indonesia; Malaysia
Sunda Strait Indian Ocean
Surabaya [US Consulate General] Indonesia
Surigao Strait Pacific Ocean
Surinam Suriname
Suva [US Embassy] Fiji
Swains Island American Samoa
Swan Islands Honduras
Sydney [US Consulate General] Australia
Tahiti French Polynesia
Taipei Taiwan
Taiwan Strait Pacific Ocean
Tallinn [US Embassy] Estonia
Tanganyika Tanzania
Tangier Morocco
Tarawa Kiribati
Tartar Strait Pacific Ocean
Tashkent [US Embassy] Uzbekistan
Tasmania Australia
Tasman Sea Pacific Ocean
Taymyr Peninsula (Poluostrov Taymyra) Russia
T'bilisi [US Embassy] Georgia
Tegucigalpa [US Embassy] Honduras
Tehran [US post not maintained; Iran
representation by Swiss Embassy]
Tel Aviv [US Embassy] Israel
Terre Adelie (Adelie Land) Antarctica
[claimed by France]
Thailand, Gulf of Pacific Ocean
Thessaloniki [US Consulate General] Greece
Thimphu Bhutan
Thurston Island Antarctica
Tibet (Xizang) China
Tibilisi (see T'bilisi) Georgia
Tierra del Fuego Argentina; Chile
Tijuana [US Consulate General] Mexico
Timor Indonesia
Timor Sea Pacific Ocean
Tinian Northern Mariana Islands
Tiran, Strait of Indian Ocean
Tirane [US Embassy] Albania
Tobago Trinidad and Tobago
Tokyo [US Embassy] Japan
Tonkin, Gulf of Pacific Ocean
Toronto [US Consulate General] Canada
Torres Strait Pacific Ocean
Torshavn Faroe Islands
Toshkent (Tashkent) Uzbekistan
Transjordan Jordan
Transkei South Africa
Transylvania Romania
Trindade, Ilha de Brazil
Tripoli [US post not maintained; Libya
representation by Belgian Embassy]
Tristan da Cunha Group Saint Helena
Trobriand Islands Papua New Guinea
Trucial States United Arab Emirates
Truk Islands Micronesia
Tsugaru Strait Pacific Ocean
Tuamotu Islands (Iles Tuamotu) French Polynesia
Tubuai Islands (Iles Tubuai) French Polynesia
Tunis [US Embassy] Tunisia
Turin Italy
Turkish Straits Atlantic Ocean
Turkmeniya Turkmenistan
Turks Island Passage Atlantic Ocean
Tyrol, South Italy
Tyrrhenian Sea Atlantic Ocean
Udorn (Udon Thani) [US Consulate] Thailand
Ulaanbaatar [US Embassy] Mongolia
Ullung-do Korea, South
Unimak Pass [strait] Pacific Ocean
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus,
[the former USSR] Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania,
Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
United Arab Republic Egypt; Syria
Upper Volta Burkina
USSR [the former] Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus,
Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania,
Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Vaduz [US post not maintained; Liechtenstein
representation from Zurich,
Switzerland]
Vakhan (Wakhan Corridor) Afghanistan
Valletta [US Embassy] Malta
Valley, The Anguilla
Vancouver [US Consulate General] Canada
Vancouver Island Canada
Van Diemen Strait Pacific Ocean
Vatican City [US Embassy] Holy See
Velez de la Gomera, Penon de Spain
Venda South Africa
Verde Island Passage Pacific Ocean
Victoria Hong Kong
Victoria [US Embassy] Seychelles
Vienna [US Embassy, US Mission to Austria
International Organizations in
Vienna (UNVIE)]
Vientiane [US Embassy] Laos
Vilnius [US Embassy] Lithuania
Vladivostok [US Consulate General] Russia
Volcano Islands Japan
Vostok Island Kiribati
Vrangelya, Ostrov (Wrangel Island) Russia
Wakhan Corridor (now Vakhan) Afghanistan
Wales United Kingdom
Walvis Bay Namibia
Warsaw [US Embassy] Poland
Washington, DC [The Permanent Mission United States
of the US to the Organization of
American States (OAS)]
Weddell Sea Atlantic Ocean
Wellington [US Embassy] New Zealand
Western Channel (West Korea Strait) Pacific Ocean
West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany
Germany)
West Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands
West Korea Strait (Western Channel) Pacific Ocean
West Pakistan Pakistan
Wetar Strait Pacific Ocean
White Sea Arctic Ocean
Willemstad Netherlands Antilles
Windhoek [US Embassy] Namibia
Windward Passage Atlantic Ocean
Wrangel Island (Ostrov Vrangelya) Russia [de facto]
Yamoussoukro Cote d'Ivoire
Yangon (Rangoon) Burma
Yaounde [US Embassy] Cameroon
Yap Islands Micronesia
Yaren Nauru
Yekaterinburg [US Consulate General] Russia
Yellow Sea Pacific Ocean
Yemen (Aden) [People's Democratic Yemen
Republic of Yemen]
Yemen Arab Republic Yemen
Yemen, North [Yemen Arab Republic] Yemen
Yemen (Sanaa) [Yemen Arab Republic] Yemen
Yemen, People's Democratic Yemen
Republic of
Yemen, South [People's Democratic Yemen
Republic of Yemen]
Yerevan [US Embassy] Armenia
Youth, Isle of (Isla de la Juventud) Cuba
Yucatan Channel Atlantic Ocean
Yugoslavia [the former] Bosnia and Herzegovina; Croatia;
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of; Serbia and Montenegro;
and Slovenia
Zagreb [US Embassy] Croatia
Zanzibar Tanzania
Zurich [US Consulate General] Switzerland
Appendix 1
Appendix 10
Appendix 11
Appendix 2
Appendix 6
Appendix 12
Appendix 16
Appendix 3
Appendix 13
Appendix 4
Appendix 7
Appendix 9
Appendix 14
Appendix 5
Appendix 15
Appendix 8
Appendix 5
World Factbook 1996 Edition
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